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GENERAL ANATOMY > AXIAL MUSCLES > Flashcards

AXIAL MUSCLES Flashcards

1
Q

This is a fundamental type of tissue; for locomotion & movement of the various parts of the body; it is highly cellular & well-vascularized

A

Contractility

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2
Q

It is voluntary and striated; found in the skeletons & mmjoints of skeletons via tendons.

A

Skeletal muscles

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3
Q

This is involuntary and striated; found in the heart muscle.

A

Cardiac muscle

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4
Q

This is involuntary and non-striated; found in the walls of hollow internal organs

A

Smooth muscle

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5
Q

PART OF SKELETAL MUSCLE:

This is the stationary attachment of muscle usually to the bone

A

Origin

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6
Q

PART OF SKELETAL MUSCLE:

This is the movable attachment of the muscle.

A

Insertion

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7
Q

PART OF SKELETAL MUSCLE:

This is the fleshy part of the muscle

A

Belly

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8
Q

MUSCLE GROUPS ACCORDING TO THEIR PRIMARY ACTIONS:

This is contraction is mainly responsible for producing a particular movement
EX: BICEPS BRACHII- flexion of forearm

A

Prime mover or agonist

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9
Q

MUSCLE GROUPS ACCORDING TO THEIR PRIMARY ACTIONS:

This opposes the action of the agonist
EX: TRICEPS BRACHII- extends forearm

A

Antagonist

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10
Q

MUSCLE GROUPS ACCORDING TO THEIR PRIMARY ACTIONS:

This assists prime movers in its action; it reduce excess & unnecessary motion
EX: Latissimus Dorsi & Teres Major

A

Synergists

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11
Q

What are the muscles of the head?

A

Muscles of facial expression, Extraocular muscles, Muscles of mastication, Muscles of the tongue, Muscles of middle ear, Muscles of soft palate, Muscles of pharynx

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12
Q

This compresses the cheeks, trumpeteer’s muscle; chewing

A

Buccinator

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13
Q

This pulls your lower lip down or to the side; lowering lower lip

A

LEVATOR LABII INFERIORIS (QUADRANGULARIS)

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14
Q

This is the elevation of the upper lip; raising upper lip

A

LEVATOR LABII SUPERIORIS

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15
Q

This is the protrusion of the lower lip and elevates the skin of the chin; raising chin & protruding lower lip

A

MENTALIS

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16
Q

This purses lips; “kissing muscle”; closing & pursing lips, pouting, grimacing

A

ORBICULARIS ORIS

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17
Q

This is pulling the corner of the mouth laterally via its contraction in an outward and upward motion; stretching lips

A

RISORIUS

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18
Q

This depresses angle of mouth; frowning

A

DEPRESSOR ANGULI ORIS (TRIANGULARIS)

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19
Q

This pulls the angle of the mouth superolaterally; sweet smile; laughing muscle; smiling

A

ZYGOMATICUS MAJOR

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20
Q

This elevates upper lip; raising upper lip, assisting smiling

A

ZYGOMATICUS MINOR

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21
Q

Raising neck skin, grimacing

A

PLATYSMA

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22
Q

Frowning; draws eyebrows medially

A

CORRUGATOR SUPERCILII

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23
Q

Surprise

A

EPICRANIAL

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24
Q

Closing eyelids

A

ORBICULARIS OCULI

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25
Q

This wrinkles root of nose

A

Procerus

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26
Q

This compresses nose
EX: sniffing

A

Nasalis

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27
Q

This move ears to different directions

A

Auricular muscles

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28
Q

This moves scalp forward & backward

A

Epicranius

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29
Q

The transverse wrinkle of forehead

A

Frontalis

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30
Q

This moves the scalp back

A

Occipitalis

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31
Q

This move eyeball in different directions

A

Extraocular muscle

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32
Q

This is supplied by CN III

A

RECTUS MUSCLES (INFERIOR, MEDIAL,
SUPERIOR, INFERIOR)

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33
Q

This is supplied by CN IV

A

SUPERIOR OBLIQUE

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34
Q

This is supplied by CN VI

A

LATERAL RECTUS

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35
Q

This is supplied by CN III

A

LEVATOR PALPEBRAE SUPERIORIS

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36
Q

This is supplied by CN V

A

Muscles of mastication

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37
Q

This elevates mandible

A

MASSETER

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38
Q

This elevates & retracts mandible

A

TEMPORALIS

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39
Q

This elevates mandible, closes jaws, moves mandible side to side

A

MEDIAL PTERYGOID

40
Q

This opens jaws, protrudes mandible side to side

A

LATERAL PTERYGOID

41
Q

MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE:

This forms the shape & body of the tongue

A

Intrinsic muscles

42
Q

MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE:

This is attached to other structures aside from the tongue

A

Extrinsic muscles

43
Q

EXTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE:

This protrudes tongue

A

GENIOGLOSSUS

44
Q

EXTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE:

This depress & retracts the tongue

A

HYOGLOSSUS

45
Q

EXTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE:

This elevates tongue, depress soft palate

A

PALATOGLOSSUS

46
Q

EXTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE:

This moves the tongue upward & backward

A

STYLOGLOSSUS

47
Q

This is contract in response to loud sound

A

Muscles of the middle ear

48
Q

MUSCLES OF THE MIDDLE EAR:

This weakens vibration of stapes

49
Q

MUSCLES OF THE MIDDLE EAR:

This weakens vibration of malleus

A

TENSOR TYMPANI

50
Q

This is supplied by pharyngeal plexus (CN IX, X, XI & sympathetic nerve) except tensor veli palatini (CN V).

A

Muscles of the soft palate

51
Q

What are the 5 muscles of soft palate?

A

Tensor veli tympani, Levator levi palatini, Palatoglossus, Palatopharyngeus, Musculus uvulae

52
Q

This functions for swallowing; supplied by pharyngeal plexus except stylopharyngeus (CN IX).

A

Muscles of the pharynx

53
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the pharynx?

A

Superior, middle, inferior constrictor, Salphingopharyngeus, Palatopharyngeus, Stylopharyngeus

54
Q

MUSCLES OF THE NECK:

What is the superficial muscle of the neck?

55
Q

MUSCLES OF THE NECK:

What is the later neck muscle?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

56
Q

MUSCLES OF THE NECK:

This elevates hyoid & depress mandible; consists of digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, and geniohyoid

A

Suprahyoid muscles

57
Q

This is the region located at the front of the neck.

A

Anterior triangle

58
Q

BOUNDARIES OF ANTERIOR TRIANGLE:

This is the inferior border of the mandible

A

Superiorly

59
Q

BOUNDARIES OF ANTERIOR TRIANGLE:

This is the sternocleidomastoid

60
Q

BOUNDARIES OF ANTERIOR TRIANGLE:

This is the sagittal line down the midline of the neck

61
Q

SUBDIVISIONS OF CAROTID TRIANGLE:

This is the posterior belly of the digastric muscle

62
Q

SUBDIVISIONS OF CAROTID TRIANGLE:

This is the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid

63
Q

SUBDIVISIONS OF CAROTID TRIANGLE:

This is the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle

64
Q

SUBMENTAL TRIANGLE:

This is the hyoid bone

A

Inferiorly

65
Q

SUBMENTAL TRIANGLE:

This is the midline of the neck

66
Q

SUBMENTAL TRIANGLE:

This is the anterior belly of the digastric

67
Q

SUBMANDIBULAR TRIANGLE:

Superiorly

A

Body of the mandible

68
Q

SUBMANDIBULAR TRIANGLE:

Anteriorly

A

Anterior belly of the digastric muscle

69
Q

SUBMANDIBULAR TRIANGLE:

Posteriorly

A

Posterior belly of the digastric muscle

70
Q

This is located in the lateral aspect of the neck

A

Posterior angle

71
Q

BOUNDARIES OF POSTERIOR ANGLE:

This is the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid

72
Q

BOUNDARIES OF POSTERIOR ANGLE:

This is the anterior border of the trapezius muscle

73
Q

BOUNDARIES OF POSTERIOR ANGLE:

This is the middle 1/3 of the clavicle.

74
Q

SUBDIVISIONS OF POSTERIOR ANGLE:

This is the larger, superior part.

A

Occipital triangle

75
Q

SUBDIVISIONS OF POSTERIOR ANGLE:

This is the inferior triangle & contains the distal portion of the subclavian artery; it is also known as the omoclavicular or supraclavicular triangle

A

Subclavian triangle

76
Q

SUBDIVISIONS OF POSTERIOR ANGLE:

This depresses hyoid & elevate larynx; it consists of: Sternohyoid, Sternothyroid, Thyrohyoid, and Omohyoid

A

Infrahyoid muscles (strap muscle)

77
Q

SUBDIVISIONS OF POSTERIOR ANGLE:

This is anterior to the vertebrae; it flexes neck; it consists of: Longus coli, Longus capitis, Rectus capitis anterior, Rectus capitis lateralis

A

Prevertebral muscles

78
Q

SUBDIVISIONS OF POSTERIOR ANGLE:

This is the lateral flexors of the neck; it consists of: SCALENE ANTERIOR, SCALENE MEDIUS (attached to 1st rib), and SCALENE POSTERIOR (attached to 2nd rib)

A

Lateral vertebral muscles

79
Q

What are the 4 muscles in anterior vertebral (prevertebral) muscles?

A

Longus coli, Longus capitis, Rectus capitus anterior, and Rectus capitus lateralis

80
Q

This is underneath semispinalis capitis; it is supplied by occipital nerve

A

Suboccipital muscles

81
Q

What are the 4 muscles in suboccipital muscles?

A

Rectus capitis posterior major, Rectus capitis posterior minor, Obliquus capitis inferior, and Obliquus capitis superior

82
Q

This is attached to other structures aside from laryngeal cartilage; consists of sternothyroid and thyrohyoid

A

Intrinsic of laryngeal muscles

83
Q

INTRINSIC CN X:

This closes laryngeal inlet

A

OBLIQUE ARYTENOID & ARYEPIGLOTTIC

84
Q

INTRINSIC CN X:

This tenses vocal fold

A

CRICOTHYROID

85
Q

INTRINSIC CN X:

This relaxes vocal fold

A

THYROARYTENOID

86
Q

INTRINSIC CN X:

This adducts vocal fold

A

LATERAL CRICOARYTENOID & TRANVERSE ARYTENOID

87
Q

INTRINSIC CN X:

This abducts vocal folds

A

POSTERIOR CRICOARYTENOID

88
Q

This is primarily responsible for changing the volume of the thoracic cavity during respiration.

A

Muscles of the thoracic wall

89
Q

Give the 5 muscles of the thoracic wall

A

External interossei, Internal intercostal, Innermost intercostalis, Tranversus thoracis, Subcostalis

90
Q

This is the lateral abdominal muscles; it flexes trunk & increase abdominal cavity pressure

A

Antero muscles of the abdominal wall

91
Q

Give the 5 muscles of the antero abdominal wall

A

External & internal oblique, Transversus abdominis, Rectus abdominis, Pyramidalis

92
Q

Give the 3 muscles of posterior abdominal muscles.

A

quadratus lumborum, psoas major & minor, iliacus

93
Q

MUSCLES OF PELVIS:

This is the posterior wall of pelvic cavity

A

PYRIFORMIS

94
Q

MUSCLES OF PELVIS:

This is the lateral wall

A

OBTURATOR INTERNUS

95
Q

MUSCLES OF PELVIS:

This is the pelvic diaphragm

A

LEVATOR ANI & COCCYGEUS

GENERAL ANATOMY (4 decks)

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