Axial and Brachial Plexus Flashcards
What are the borders of the axilla
Medial: Medial wall
Lateral: Intertubular groove
Inferior (Floor): Base of axilla
Superior (roof): 1st Rib, clavicle, apex of axilla
Anterior WALL: Pec Major, Pec Minor, Short head of biceps, coracobrachilais, clavicle, subclavius, costocoracoid membrane
Posterior WALL: Lat Dorsi, Teres major, teres minor, Infraspinatus, Supraspinatus, sunscapularis, scapula
Apex of Axilla
- anterior structure, posterior structure
-what is found at the apex
-where/flow of nerves, arteries and veins
Posterior is superior border of scapula - bound to first rib
Anterior is Clavicle
Mid scalene (towards 1st rib)
BWETEEN THESE:
- Nerve supply (in and out)
-Arteries (IN)
Anterior scalene (towards clavicle)
AFTER THIS
- Veins
Lecture slide
Brachial Plexus
Draw and label INC little branches
Lecture Slide
Draw the PNS and CNS and how the brachial plexus fits in
Lecture Slide
Musculocutaneous nerve supplies what muscles
- what side of arm?
-what cord does it stem from plexus?
ANTERIOR ARM MUSCLES
- stems from lateral cord of plexus
Coracobrachialis
Biceps Brachi
Brachialis
Radial side down to thumb
What muscles does Median vs Ulnar nerve supply
-what cord does it stem from plexus?
MEDIAN (Lateral and Medial stem from plexus):
** Supplies all of the forearm muscles EXCEPT ULNA specific ones, FCU and ULNAR side of FDS**
ANTERIOR Forearm muscles
Pronator teres
Palmaris Longus
Flexor digitorium profundas
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus
3 Thernar muscles
1 + 2 lumbricals
ULNAR (medial stem from plexus):
All muscles on FAR ULNAR side
- Flexor carpi ulnaris
- Flexor digitorium profundas
- 3 hypothernar muscles
-All dorsal and palmar interossei
-3+4 lumbricals
Adductor pollicis
Axillary nerve supplies what muscles
-what cord does it stem from plexus?
Posterior axillary nerve
Teres minor
Deltoid
ONLY MUSCLES OF SHOULDER NOT ARM OR FOREARM
Radial Nerve supplies what muscles
Label where they are on the diagram
-what cord does it stem from plexus?
Posterior cord of plexus
-Long head, medial and lateral heads of triceps
- Anconeus
-Brachoradialias
-ECRL
-ECRB
-SUpinator
-ED
EDM
-ECU
APL
- EPB
-EPL
EI
Movement of radial nerve around arm
spirals around back of humerus to posterior muscles
Label the coloured arm of what nerves supplies what regions on anterior side
- Median nerve
-Ulnar Nerve
- Radial Nerve
-Muscocutanous nerve
- Medial cord
Lecture Slide
Label the arteries of the brachial plexus
Superior thoracic artery
Thoracoacromial artery (pectrol, deltoid and acromial branches)
Subscapular artery
Lateral thoracis artery
Supraspacualr artery
Transverse cervical artery
Brachial artery
Subcalvian artery
Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral artery
Axiliary lymph
-label diagram
Lecture Slide
Sensation areas for all the nerves for the brachial plexus
Muscocutaneous Nerve:
Lateral Cord: Lateral aspect of ARM
Axillary Nerve
Posterior cord: Lateral posterior side of upper arm/shoulder
Median
Lateral and medial cord: Lateral 3.5 fingers
Lateral 3/4 of forearm
Ulnar
Medial cord: Medial 1.5 fingers
Medial 1/4 forearm
Radial
Posterior cord: Entire posterior arm and forearm
Med. Cut. n. Forearm
(medial cord)
Med. Cut. n. arm
(medial cord)
Contents of axilla
Way to remember:
A Virigin Barely Lasts Forever
axillary Artery
axillary Vein
Brachial Plexus
Lymph nodes and lymphatics
Fat
if brachial artery is compressed why is blood supply to hand not competely compromseid?
Because of the anatomoses of vessels. There are radial and ulnar recurrent arteries branching from profunda brachii artery
Neumonic for major branches off axial artery
Some Times Life Sucks After Porn
S – Superior Thoracic Artery (1st part, proximal to pec minor)
T – Thoracoacromial Artery (2nd part, behind pec minor)
L – Lateral Thoracic Artery (2nd part, behind pec minor)
S – Subscapular Artery (3rd part, distal to pec minor)
A – Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery (3rd part, distal to pec minor)
P – Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery (3rd part, distal to pec minor)
