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ag-Learn AWS > AWS EBS > Flashcards

AWS EBS Flashcards

1
Q

I want to create an EBS volume that spans multiple AZ so that when an AZ fails, the storage is still available, what is my best option here?

A

EBS volumes do not span AZ’s and you would have to implement some sort of replication at the OS level.

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2
Q

What is the difference between IOPS and throughput to EBS volumes?

A

The throughput is the quantity of data you can write and read from disk, the IOPS is the number of interactions you can have with the disk.

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3
Q

What would I use the instance store for?

A

temp data such as buffers, cache and scratch disk

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4
Q

What is the instance store identification?

A

ephemeral[0-23]

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5
Q

Can you add an instance store after the EC2 instance launches?

A

No

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6
Q

Can I attach an instance store another EC2 instance?

A

No, you can think of it as internal to the VM like in the physical world.

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7
Q

If you reboot the instance is the data lost in an instance store?

A

No

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8
Q

If you terminate or the underlying disk fails, instance stops will the data persist?

A

No

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9
Q

I need to store data from my application the is tempory, but I need super low latency, what are my options?

A

Some instance types have NVMe SSD or if acceptable SSD that are local to the physical instance, this is a good option.

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10
Q

Can I detach an EBS volume and attach it to another instance/

A

Yes

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11
Q

How can I take a quick backup of an EBS volume?

A

Take a snapshot.

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12
Q

I have a volume and I want to share the dat with another persone in an AWS accouutnmt, what options do I have?

A

You can take a snapshot of the volume and share the snapahot.

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13
Q

I wnat to migrate a EC2 instance form one region to another, what options do I ahve?

A

You can take a snapsjhot and copy the snaopshot to another region.

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14
Q

I need to convert and unencrypted volume to an encrypted volume, what options do I have?

A

You can take a snapshot and when creating a new volume you cna then select encrypt.

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15
Q

Are snapshots incremental or full?

A

Increemtal.

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16
Q

Where are snapshots stored?

A

S3 but you do not have direct access

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17
Q

Do I have access to the EBS snapshot in s3

A

No

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18
Q

I need to stire large amount of block level data on block level device and atatch to a linux oS, this data is not accessed often but theere is a lot of data, what is my lowest cost option?

A

Create an EBS volume of sc1 (cold HDD).

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19
Q

What are the storage types available in EBS?

A

GP2 SSD
io1 Provisioned iops
SC1 Cold HDD

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20
Q

What are the storage types available in EBS?

A

GP2 SSD
io1 Provisioned iops
SC1 Cold HDD
ST1 Through put optimised HDD

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21
Q

I need to store large amounts of data that has high through put like streaming, I need this to be blocklovel, what options do I have?

A

You can use ST1 (HDD with thigh through put

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22
Q

Whats is th max disk size of io1 ?

A

Provisioned IOPS max capacity is 64TB

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23
Q

What is max disk size of gp2?

A

General purpus disk is 16TB

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24
Q

What IOPS do toy get in io1?

A

For provisoned iOPS disk, the max IOPS is 64K but to get this to the instance you require NITRO hardware for the instance type.

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25
Q

What IOPS do toy get in gp2?

A

You get a max of 16K

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26
Q

What is the max throughput for GP2?

A

250 MiB/s

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27
Q

What is the max throughput for io1?

A

1000 MiB/s

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28
Q

To get 1000 MiBS/s EBS through in the EC2 instance, what opetions fdo I have?

A

Nitro hardware, this means an instance thet supports it.

29
Q

What are the names of the EBS storage?

A

GP2
IO1
ST1
SC1

30
Q

What applications would I use SC1 for?

A
  • Throughput orientted workload
  • Half the through put of ST1
  • Half the through put of GP1(SSD)
31
Q

What is the max volume size of all the EBS block storage?

A

16TB

32
Q

What is the io size for gp2/io1?

A

16KB

33
Q

What is the io size for st1/sc1?

A

1MB

34
Q

I need max IOPS, what type of instance family would I chose?

A

Nitro based instances

35
Q

How many IOPS do i get for a 100GB GP2?

A

You get 300 IOPS

36
Q

What is the burst ability of GP2?

A

3K IOPS

37
Q

How many IOPS credit do you gte to start with?

A

5.4M (enough for 30 min at 3K sustaned)

38
Q

How are IPOS measure for GP2?

A

They are IOPS per second?

39
Q

How is EBS stored?

A

3 copies in a single AZ

40
Q

What is the availability of EBS?

A

5 x9s

41
Q

What is EBS?

A

Network attached storage, not on host?

42
Q

What is instance backed store?

A

It is not network attched store, it is a volume on th einstance that provides high IOPS and throughput.

43
Q

I need to move my volume from GP2 to IO1 to get more prefromance, how best can I do this?

A

Take a snapshot and recreate disk and select io1.

44
Q

I need to increace the prefromance of my volume, but I can not take the instance off line, what options do I have?

A

EBS has elastic volumes and I can just go ahead and increace the size of the volume to get more preformance with out affecting the instance.

45
Q

I know there will be a large demand comming for the christmas period, I also know the IOPS on one of my volumes is not going to be able to handle if, what can I do?

A

Increace the capacity of the drive, temport, as EBS is elastic this can can heppen with out affecting the instance or workload.

46
Q

Are snapshots of EBS volumes consistant?

A

No, you may have data not wrote to a volume and as such these my be missing data.

47
Q

What is LAW?

A

L = Q Length = average number of request waiting
A - Arival rate = rate of request ariving
W = Wait = avaerage wait time
L = A * W

48
Q

What are the RAID’s?

A 
Raid 0 -  striped
Raid 1 - mirror
Raid 5 - Parity
Raid 6 double parity
Raid 10 (1 + 0) striped and mirror
49
Q

Is RAID supported by AWS?

A

Sort of provided OS supports a software RAID, you can use it as it is invisible to AWS. Keep in mind the ability to snapshot are not consistent and require stopping th application, flushing the disk, stopping io, etc.

50
Q

Would you be using RAID 1 in AWS to get redundancy?

A

Yes, you will get greater redundancy, but, as EBS volumes are distributed to a min of 3 dis within the AZ, this should not be the primary reason. The reason to RAID is to get more r/w throughput and more IOPS.

51
Q

When I have an EBS optimized instance, is there a limit on the IOPS and read/write throughput that the instance can have and is this something I need to watch for?

A

Yes, each instance has a limit on re/w throughput and IOPS

52
Q

I have just created a snapshot of an EBS volume using life cycle policies, the policy says that the retention period is 5 days, will this be honoured if I copy the snapshot to another region?

A

No, not when you copy the snapshot to another region.

53
Q

What type of storage is EBS?

A

Remote network storage, meaning it is not local to the instances using it and it is over the network. Think of ISCSI storage.

54
Q

I wnat to ensure i get the best EBS storage performance, what should I use?

A

You should use EBS optimised instance type, this type of storage is on a separate network, dedicated storage path.

55
Q

What are the four types of EBS storage volumes you cna create?

A

gp2 - SSD - General purpose
io1 - Prevision IOPS (SSD)
st1 - Frequent access, throughput intensive
sc1 - HDD - Infrequent access data

56
Q

What are the two types of EBS HDD volumes available?

A
  • st1

- sd1

57
Q

Can you boot from HDD volumes?

A

No

58
Q

What are the use cases for st1?

A

Streaming and big data, sequentially stored data.

59
Q

What are the main difference in access for SSD and HDD volumes?

A

SSD is good for random read and write

- HDD is good for sequential read-write.

60
Q

I have a legacy software application and it mush have a block storage device to write backup data to, what are by option when using EBS?

A

Use Sc1, sc1 is good for block cold storage.

61
Q

I require storage durability of 99.999%, what EBs options do I have?

A

EBS can not give you this durability, EBS is good for 99.95 to 99.99. A possible option is to snapshot and this way S3 will have higher durability.

62
Q

I require storage durability of 99.999%, what EBs options do I have?

A

EBS can not give you this durability, EBS is good for 99.5 to 99.9. A possible option is to snapshot and this way S3 will have higher durability.

63
Q

What do crash-consistent volumes mean?

A

When an EBS snapshot is taken while an instance is up and running, whatever’s in memory is discarded. The snapshot is “crash-consistent,” which means that it’s the same as if someone pulled out the power cord of a computer, and then turned it back on.

64
Q

What are application-consistent snapshot?

A

When we want to make sure a snapshot is consistent, which means that when recovering it, applications will start from a consistent state and experience no issues, we want to “tell” the application it is about to be backed up, so it can get prepare

65
Q

Can I resize a volume?

A

Yes

66
Q

Can I change the type of storage?

A

Yes

67
Q

For EBS Optimised volumes, is the throughput limited and how can you increase it if needed?

A

Yes, it is limited based in instance size, you can increase the instance size.

68
Q

If I change the size of the instance of an EBS optimized instances, what will happen?

A

The throughput and IOPS will change, in the larger instance have larger throughput and IOPS.

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