Avian - Intro/Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

How many cervical vertebrae do avian species have?

A

7-15 depending on species

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2
Q

Term for the 5 fused thoracic vertebrae in avian species…

A

Notarium

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3
Q

What bone connects the shoulder to the sternum?

A

Coracoid

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4
Q

Where do we administer subcutaneous fluids?

A

Inguinal area of hind limb

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5
Q

Where do we perform venipuncture in avian species?

A

Medial metatarsal vein

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6
Q

You’re performing a necropsy on an bird… what structure should you check for at the beak?

A

Palatine fissure

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7
Q

Where (anatomically) would you start a necropsy on an avian patient?

A

At the keel; palpate for smoothness/regularity on both sides, Then move to the wings… Palpate clavicles, then go deeper and palpate coracoids… Leave obvious things (like a bad hindlimb fracture) for last..

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8
Q

What structure connects the URS with the GIT?

A

Palatine fissure/choana

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9
Q

What is a pneumatic bone?

A

Diverticula from an airsac goes into the bone…

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10
Q

Can you irrigate (flush) a pneumatic bone for wound care?

A

HELL NO!

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11
Q

What’s a common place for foreign bodies to get lodged in our avian patients?

A

At the tracheal bifurcation

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12
Q

How can we think of the syrinx (voice box at the tracheal bifurcation)?

A

A system of membranes, that, whenever air goes thru, it pushes ONE side toward that memebrane, and that’s what produces sound.

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13
Q

What do we call the connection between bronchi with air sacs?

A

Ostium (holes)

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14
Q

proventriculus vs. ventriculus

A

PROventriculus: Cranial part of the stomach, glandular part as it secretes gastric juices

Ventriculus: Caudal part of the stomach, muscular part; it is also called the gizzard (important for mechanical grinding)

both sit on the Left side of the abdominal cavity

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15
Q

Are the visceral organs in their normal positions?

A

NO; lacks definition, plus…

  1. The heart is more round than normal
  2. The liver is located more dorsally than what is expected.
  3. The proventriculus, ventriculus, and intestinal loops are not easily visualized (and these structures should be well-defined in a healthy bird)
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16
Q

The white arrows correspond with which organ?

What about the black arrows?

A

heart

*Liver (which appears enlarged)

*cranial pole of the kidney**