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2a Cardio > AV block > Flashcards

AV block Flashcards

1
Q

True or false: In first degree heart block, every P is followed by QRS

A

True

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2
Q

How long in the PR interval in AV block?

A

200ms +

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3
Q

In first degree heart block, there is delayed conduction through the…

A

AVN

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4
Q

What drugs can cause AV block?

A

Beta-blockers, CCBs or digoxin can block AVN conduction

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5
Q

What characterises second degree heart block?

A

Some P waves are not followed by QRS complexes

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6
Q

Second degree heart block is where some atrial impulses don’t make it through the ___ to the ventricles

A

AVN

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7
Q

What are the types of second degree heart block?

A

Mobitz I and Mobitz II

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8
Q

Describe Mobitz type I pattern of AV block

A

Progressive PR prolongation until a QRS is dropped

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9
Q

What can cause Mobitz I AV block?

A

Certain drugs (Beta-blockers, CCBs and digoxin)
An inferior MI

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10
Q

What is treatment for Mobitz I AV block?

A

No treatment unless v symptomatic eg syncope

Then pacemaker

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11
Q

Describe Mobitz II pattern of AV block

A

PR interval is consistently prolonged (not progressively enlarging) with random dropped QRS

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12
Q

What can cause Mobitz II AV block?

A

Drugs (beta-blockers, CCBs, digoxin)
Inferior MI
Rheumatic fever

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13
Q

What are symptoms of Mobitz II AV block?

A

Syncope
SOB
Chest pain

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14
Q

What is treatment for Mobitz II AV block?

A

Pacemaker

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15
Q

What is third degree AV block called?

A

AV dissociation (complete heart block)

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16
Q

What is the relationship between P waves and QRS complexes in third degree heart block?

A

No relationship
Significant risk of asystole (flat-lining)

17
Q

Describe what is happening in third degree heart block

A

The atria and ventricles beat independently of each other.
Ventricular escape rhythm sustains heartbeat.

18
Q

What happens in the ventricular escape rhythm?

A

The SAN is dysfunctional so AVN takes over but is also dysfunctional so ventricular pacemakers take over with poor firing rate of 20-40 bpm

19
Q

What can cause third degree/complete heart block?

A

Acute MI
Hypertension
Structural heart disease

20
Q

What is the treatment for third degree/ complete heart block?

A

IV atropine and permanent pacemaker

21
Q

Atropine in third degree heart block is an a______ medication and works by inhibiting the ______ _______ ______

A

antimuscarinic
Parasympathetic nervous system

(Side effects include pupil dilation, dry mouth, urinary retention and constipation)

22
Q

When else is atropine used?

A

Pesticide poisoning
Also used to treat a slow heartbeat or those at risk of asystole
Can be used to reduce saliva and fluid in respiratory tract during surgery

2a Cardio (36 decks)

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