Autonomic physiology 1 Flashcards
Which nervous system contains pre- & post-ganglionic fibre?
The autonomic nervous system
Somatic nervous system has one long neuron all the way from CNS to skeletal muscle.
Which fibres in the autonomic nervous system are myelinated?
Pre-ganglionic fibres are always myelinated. (post-ganglionic fibres are always unmyelinated)
What kind of receptors are used in the autonomic nervous system?
Metabotropic receptors (g-protein coupled receptors) mainly Ionotropic receptors
Can the autonomic nervous system excite or inhibit a target?
Both
IS the autonomic system’s junctions more or less speacilaised than the somatic?
Less
Which system of the autonomic system is designed for fight or flght?
the sympathetic system
Whats the difference between the fibre lengths in the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems?
Sympathetic system has short pre-ganglionic and long post-ganglionic fibres.
Parasympathetic is the opposite.
What part of the spinal cord does the sympathetic system exit from?
Thoracic (T1-T12) and lumbar (L1-L2)
What part of the spinal cord does the parasympathetic system exit from?
Cranial (3,7,9 & 10)
Sacral (S2-S5)
What are the 2 types of ganglia in the sympathetic nervous system?
Prevertebral ganglia (collateral ganglia) and paravertebral ganglia (in the sympathetic trunk).
What is the white ramus?
Preganglionic fibres (white because theyre myelinated)
What is the grey ramus?
Postganglionic fibres
On what receptors does acetylcholine act?
Cholineric receptors (Nicotinic & muscarinic)
On what receptors does noradrenaline (& adrenaline) act?
Adrenergic (alpha-receptors and beta-receptors)
In the sympathetic system what fibres use what neurotransmitter?
The pre-ganglionic fibres release acetylcholine on nicotinic receptors.
Post-ganglionic fibres release noradrenaline on adrenergic receptors.
What is different about the adrenal medulla.
The post-ganglionic cells have no acons and simply release adrenaline and noradrenaline into the blood for trnsport to adrenergic receptors.
Where are the ganglia of the parasympathetic system?
Close to or within the target.
What neurotransmitters are used in the pre-ganglionic fibres of the parasympathetic system?
Acetyl choline acting on nicotinic receptors
What neurotransmitters are used by post-ganglionic fibres of the parasympathetic system?
Acetylcholine acting on muscarinic receptors.
What are NANC transmitters?
Non-adrenergic and non-cholinergic transmitters relaesed by some post-ganglionic fibres. (NO & Peptides)
What are the 3 types of differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems?
- outflow from the CNS
- Types of transmitters/receptors
- Location of Ganglia
