Autonomic Pharmacology 2

Question 1

What sort of signals come away from and towards the brain?

Answer 1

efferent away from, afferent towards

Question 2

What are the 3 divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 2

enteric, sympathetic, parasympathetic

Question 3

What does ANS regulate?

Answer 3

functions essential to human health

Question 4

These functions essential to human health are the voluntary or involuntary?

Answer 4

involuntary e.g. whilst asleep

Question 5

Sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the CNS often work how?

Answer 5

simultaneously and in a complementary manner

Question 6

Ach is always the transmitter where?

Answer 6

preganglionic, sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 7

Preganglionic neurone releases what?

Answer 7

ACh

Question 8

Postganglionic neurone releases what?

Answer 8

Noradrenaline

Question 9

Preganglionic fibres are located where?

Answer 9

intermedialateral cell column

Question 10

Preganglionic cholinergic fibres innervate the adrenal medulla via what?

Answer 10

sphlanchnic nerves

Question 11

Where are the sacral spinal nerves found?

Answer 11

S2-S4

Question 12

Midbrain leads to what ganglion and what post ganglion target?

Answer 12

ciliary and eye

Question 13

Pons leads to what ganglion and what post ganglion target?

Answer 13

submandibular and lacrimal gland

Question 14

Medulla oblongata leads to what ganglion and what post ganglion target?

Answer 14

otic and parotid glands

Question 15

What actually causes depolarisation?

Answer 15

Ach binding to ligand gated ion channels and opening them in postganglionic neurone

Question 16

Are Ach and NA the only two transmitters released form sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibres?

Answer 16

no also NANC

Question 17

Nicotinic ACh receptors of the ganglia are what?

Answer 17

ligand gated ion channels

Question 18

Muscarinic ACh receptors of the effector cells are what?

Answer 18

G-protein-coupled receptors