Autonomic Pharmacology

Question 4

What is the primary neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 4

Norepinephrine

Question 5

True or False: The parasympathetic nervous system is primarily responsible for ‘fight or flight’ responses.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Fill in the blank: The drug ___ is a selective beta-1 adrenergic agonist used primarily in cardiac applications.

Answer 6

dobutamine

Question 7

What type of receptor does acetylcholine bind to in the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 7

Cholinergic receptors

Question 8

Which class of drugs is used to block the effects of acetylcholine?

Answer 8

Anticholinergics

Question 9

What is the main effect of alpha-1 adrenergic receptor activation?

Answer 9

Vasoconstriction

Question 10

True or False: Atropine is an example of a beta-adrenergic antagonist.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

What is the mechanism of action of beta-blockers?

Answer 11

They block beta-adrenergic receptors.

Question 12

Which drug is commonly used to treat asthma by acting as a beta-2 agonist?

Answer 12

Albuterol

Question 13

Fill in the blank: The enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine is called ___.

Answer 13

acetylcholinesterase

Question 14

What is the primary effect of parasympathetic stimulation on heart rate?

Answer 14

Decreases heart rate

Question 15

True or False: Epinephrine can activate both alpha and beta adrenergic receptors.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What is the primary therapeutic use of anticholinergic drugs?

Answer 16

To reduce secretions and treat bradycardia

Question 17

Which adrenergic receptor subtype is primarily involved in smooth muscle relaxation?

Answer 17

Beta-2 receptors

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The drug ___ is used to treat hypertension by acting as an alpha-2 agonist.

Answer 18

clonidine

Question 19

What is the effect of cholinergic agonists on pupil size?

Answer 19

Miosis (pupil constriction)

Question 20

True or False: Beta-1 receptors are primarily located in the lungs.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

What type of drug is used to reverse the effects of neuromuscular blockers?

Answer 21

Cholinesterase inhibitors

Question 22

Which condition is commonly treated with beta-blockers?

Answer 22

Hypertension

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The primary neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction is ___.

Answer 23

acetylcholine

Question 24

What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system in the body?

Answer 24

To prepare the body for ‘fight or flight’ response.

Question 25

Which drug is known as a non-selective beta blocker?

Answer 25

Propranolol

Question 26

True or False: Dopamine can act on both adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What is the primary effect of beta-1 receptor activation in the heart?

Answer 27

Increases heart rate and contractility

Question 28

Fill in the blank: The drug ___ is an anticholinergic used to treat motion sickness.

Answer 28

scopolamine

Question 29

What is the primary function of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 29

To regulate involuntary physiological functions.

Question 30

Which neurotransmitter is released by postganglionic sympathetic neurons?

Answer 30

Norepinephrine