Autonomic neurotransmitters; Physiology of smooth muscle Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?

A
  • regulation of nonconscious “autonomic” functions
  • homeostasis of the body
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2
Q

What are the divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

A
  • parasympathetic
  • sympathetic
  • enteric nervous system
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3
Q

What is the general scheme of the ANS?

A

Preganglionic neuron

(CNS)

post-ganglionic neuron

(periperal ganglion)

target cell

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4
Q

What is the origin, ganglion, pre/post ganglionic axon of the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

Origin: Cranial nerves (III, VII, IX, X)

Sacral spinal cord (S2-S4)

Ganglion: near or within the organ

Preganglionic axon: long

postganglionic axon: short

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5
Q

What is the origin, ganglion, pre/post ganglionic axon of the sympathetic nervous system?

A

Origin: Thoracic spinal cord (T1-T12)

Lumbar spinal cord (L1-L2/3)

Ganglion: close to the spinal chord (pre/post vertebral ganglia)

Preganglionic axon: short

Postganglionic axon: long

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6
Q

What are the PREGANGLIONIC AXON transmitters and receptors of the parasympathetic and sympathetic NS?

A

Preganglionic axon transmitter: ACh

Preganglionic axon receptor: nAChR (nicotinic)

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7
Q

What are the POSTGANGLIONIC AXON transmitters and receptors of the parasympathetic NS?

A

Postganglionic axon Transmitter: ACh (VIP, NO)

Receptors of the effector cells:

mAChR(M1-M5)

M1,M3,M5 (IP3, Ca2+) M2,M4 (cAMP ↓)

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8
Q

What are the POSTGANGLIONIC AXON transmitters and receptors of the sympathetic NS?

A

Postganglionic axon Transmitter:

NE, ACh

NE-NPY – GI vessels NE-somatostatin

Receptors of the effector cells:

Adrenergic receptors

  • alpha* 1 (IP3, Ca2+)
  • alpha* 2 (cAMP↓)
  • beta* 1 (cAMP↑)
  • beta* 2 (cAMP↑)
  • beta*3 (cAMP↑)

mAChR

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