Autonomic Nervous System drugs

Question 1

It regulates the body’s involuntary functions, including heart rate, respiratory rate, and digestion.

Answer 1

Autonomic nervous system

Question 2

The autonomic nervous system works through a balance of its two main components. They are:

Answer 2

sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

Question 3

The nervous system has two main divisions of:

Answer 3

Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

Question 4

The peripheral nervous system has two major subdivisions:

Answer 4

1) the somatic motor system
2) the autonomic nervous system

Question 5

The autonomic nervous system has three principal functions. These regulatory activities are shared between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system.

Answer 5

(1) regulation of the heart
(2) regulation of secretory glands (salivary, gastric, sweat, and bronchial glands)
(3) regulation of smooth muscles (muscles of the bronchi, blood vessels, urogenital system, and GI tract).

Question 6

parasympathetic nervous system is concerned primarily with what might be called the…

Answer 6

“housekeeping” chores of the body (digestion of food and excretion of wastes).

Question 7

The anatomy of the parasympathetic nervous system offers two general sites at which drugs can act:

Answer 7

(1) the synapses between preganglionic neurons and postganglionic neurons and (2) the junctions between postganglionic neurons and their effector organs.

Question 8

The drugs that affect the sympathetic nervous system have two general sites of action:

Answer 8

(1) the synapses between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons (including the adrenal medulla)
(2) the junctions between postganglionic neurons and their effector organs

Question 9

The neurons that go from the spinal cord to the parasympathetic ganglia are called

Answer 9

preganglionic neurons

Question 10

The neurons that go from the ganglia to effector organs are called

Answer 10

postganglionic neurons

Question 11

They are receptors that sense blood pressure. This reflex is important to us because it frequently opposes our attempts to modify blood pressure with drugs.

Answer 11

Baroreceptors

Question 12

It is the steady, day-to-day influence exerted by the autonomic nervous system on a particular organ or organ system. It provides a basal level of control over which reflex regulation is superimposed.

Answer 12

Autonomic tone

Question 13

It sends impulses to the CNS

Answer 13

Afferent

Question 14

It receives impulses, transmits through the spinal cord to effector organ cells

Answer 14

Efferent

Question 15

Within autonomic pharmacology, there are four specific categories of drugs based on how they affect the ANS:

Answer 15

• adrenergic agonist
• adrenergic antagonist
• cholinergic agonist
• cholinergic antagonist

Question 16

An effect of a drug on cells, organs and systems refers to the specific biochemical interaction produced by a drug substance, which is called its mechanism of action.

Answer 16

Pharmacological effect

Question 17

How many neuron in the pathway from the spinal cord to the muscles innervated by somatic motor nerves are there?

Answer 17

One

Question 18

Two types of adrenergic receptors stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 18

Alpha and beta receptors

Question 19

They are drugs that produces a response

Answer 19

Agonist

Question 20

They are drugs that blocks a response

Answer 20

Antagonist