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neurology > Autonomic nervous system > Flashcards

Autonomic nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

somatic nervous system

A

motor and sensory

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2
Q

autonomic nerves system

A

regulates functions with little or no voluntary control via opposing systems

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3
Q

2 parts of the autonomic nervous system

A

parasympathetic(comfort) and sympathetic(crisis)

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4
Q

which system has craniosacral outflow meaning neurones begin at cranial nerves and sacral nerves S2-S4

A

parasympathetic

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5
Q

what cranial nerves are parasympathetic

A 
3,7,9,10 
oculomotor 
facial 
glossopharanygeal 
vagus
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6
Q

what system has thoracolumbar outflow meaning neurones vein at thoracic and lumbar T1-L2 portions of the spinal cord

A

sympathetic division

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7
Q

what pathway has a long pre ganglionic neurone and a short post

A

parasympathetic

ganglia close to final destination

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8
Q

Autonomic functions of the vagus nerve

A

heart, lungs , GIT

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9
Q

autonomic functions of the oculomotor nerve

A

lacrimal gland

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10
Q

autonomic functions of the facial nerve

A

pupillary constrict and salivary

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11
Q

autonomic functions of the glossopharanygeal nerve

A

parotid gland ( salivary)

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12
Q

what pathways has short pre ganglionic neurone and long post

A

sympathetic

ganglia mostly in sympathetic chain

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13
Q

what gland is directly innervated from the pre ganglionic neurone in th sympathetic pathways

A

adrenal medulla

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14
Q

Horners syndrome

what is it Caused by
symptoms

A

Pancoast tumour – compressing the cervical sympathetic chain

Causes ipsilateral anhidrosis (loss of sweating due to loss of sympathetic nerve supply)
Ptosis is also caused
enophthalmaus - sinking of the eyebrow

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15
Q

in the parasympathetic NS what type of receptors and neurotransmitters are used

A

nicotinic and muscarinic with Ach

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16
Q

What type of receptor is a nicotinic receptor

A

ligand gated ion channel

17
Q

what type of receptor is a muscarinic receptor

A

G protein coupled

18
Q

in sympathetic nervous system what type of receptor and neurotransmitters are used

A

at ganglion Ach and nicotinic
at terminal synapse it is NA
but Ach fro sweating

19
Q

What type of receptors are adrenorecptors

A

G protein coupled receptors

20
Q

Parasympathetic end receptor

A

muscarinic M1-M5

21
Q

sympathetic end receptor

A

adrenoreceptors alpha1,2 and beta1,2,3

22
Q

what type of adrenoreceptor has a Gq sub type and activates phospholipase C

A

Alpha 1 receptor

23
Q

what type or adrenoreceptor has a Gs sub type and activates adenylate cyclase

A

Beta 1 receptor

24
Q

2 steps to terminate an action potential

A

presynaptic reuptake

COMT breakdown - degrade catecholamines

25
Q

what substance controls the presynaptic levels of serotonin

A

MAO

monoamine oxidase

26
Q

main inhibitory neurotransmitter

A

GABA

27
Q

what disease is caused by a loss of nerve cells in substantial nigra

A

Parkinson’s disease

28
Q

what neurotransmitter is lost during Parkinson’s disease so regulation of movement is lost

A

Dopamine

29
Q

Treatment for Parkinson’s evolves around dopamine action (3) what are these

A

giving more dopamine substance L-DOPA
blocking dopamine breakdown with COMT and MAO inhibitors
using dopamine receptor agonists - actiavtes it

30
Q

alpha 1 receptor what does it control

A

arterioles - vasoconstrictor
bladder sphincter constriction
pupil dilate
gut - inhibits peristalsis

31
Q

alpha 2 receptor what does it control

A

vasomotor centre inhibits

slaivary gland

32
Q

beta 1 receptor

A

heart contractility and rate increased

33
Q

Beta 2 receptor

A

bronchi - dialtion
muscle BV
uterus relaxed

34
Q

beta 3 receptor

A

fat cells
lipolysis
themogensis

35
Q

M1 receptor para

A

stomach acid secretion

36
Q

M2

A

heart - bradycardia

37
Q

m3

A 
bronchi 
bladder 
gut 
eye 
salivary glands
stomach
38
Q

m4/5

A

CNS roles

39
Q 
A 65 year old man with a strong smoking history presents to his GP with 8Kg weight loss over the past few months, increasing breathlessness and cough. On examination he is cachectic, the chest is clear but it is noted he has a drooping right eye with ipsilateral anihidrosis. A CT thorax shows a tumour in the right apex.( horner syndrome its ther )  
What is the tumour compressing to cause the clinical findings?
Select one:
A. Accessory nerve
B. Axillary nerve
C. Cervical sympathetic chain
D. Oculomotor nerve
E. Trigeminal nerve
A

cervical sympathetic chain

neurology (13 decks)

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