Autonomic nervous system

Question 1

What does this system regulate

Answer 1

body temp, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, excretory, reproductive functions

Question 2

Sympathetic- what does preganglionic and postganglionic fibres release

Answer 2

• all pre release ACH

- all post release NE

Question 3

Parasympathetic- what does preganglionic and postganglionic fibres release

Answer 3

• all pre release ACH

- all post release Ach ( but is inhibitory)

Question 4

Sympathetic neurons are located at what levels

Answer 4

T1-L2

Question 5

2 types of ganglionic nerves in sympathetic division

Answer 5

1. sympathetic chain ganglia
   - lateral to vetebreal column
   - controls effectors
2. Collateral ganglia
   - anterior to vertebral column
   - controls adomino pelvic

Question 6

Functions of the sympathetic division

Answer 6

• decrease circulation to skin
• increase circulation to skeletal muscle (=more energy)
• releseas stored adipose
• increases HR
• dialates respiratory tubes

Question 7

2 pathways of sympathetic division

Answer 7

1. Goes to white ramus then reenters spinal nerve which controls muscles/skin
2. Enters synaptic chain (which goes down spinal column) + innervates organs in thoracic cavity (increase HR, repiratory etc)

Question 8

What are the 3 ganglia and what do they innervate

Answer 8

1. Celiac- stomach, liver, gallblader, pancreas, spleen
2. Superior mesenteric- small intestine, 1st part of large I
3. Inferior mesenteric- Kidney, urinary bladder, sex organs

Question 9

what are the 3 main nerves and which ganglia do each innervate + what spinal level

Answer 9

• Greater splanchnic nerve (T1-T9)- celiac
• Lesser splanchnic nerve (T10/11-12)- superior mesenteric
• Lumbar splanchnic nerve(L1/L2)- innervates inferior mesenteric

Question 10

Collateral ganglia characteristics +functions

Answer 10

• fibres pass thru sympathetic chain ganglia w/o synapsing

functions

• lower blood flow to visceral organs
• Lower activity of digestive organs
• stim release of glucose
• stim adipose release

Question 11

Suprarenal madullae characteristics + functions

Answer 11

• Fibres reach it by passing thru sympathetic chain and celiac ganglion w/o synapsing
• release NT that act as horomones

functions

• increase alertness
• incrrease cardio/respiratory activity
• increase muscle tone
• increase mobalization of energy resources

Question 12

Where are preganglionic neurons located in parasympathetic division

Answer 12

Brainstem + sacral segments

(dont diverage as much as sympathetic

Question 13

What CN nerves do the preganglionic fibres leave via and what do they affect

Answer 13

1. CN3- eye muscles, pupil, lens
2. CN7- tear glands, salivary glands
3. CN9- salivary glands
4. CN10- visceral organs
5. Pelvic nerves- visceral organs in inferior portion of adominopelvic cavity

Question 14

Function of parasympathetic division

Answer 14

• pupil constriction
• secretion of digestive enzymes
• constriction of respiratory path
• decreased HR
• sexual arousal