AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM Flashcards
CHARACYERISTICS OF SYMPATHETIC
CNS nerve origin
Preganglionic neuron
Preganglionic neurotransmitter
Ganglia location.
Postganglionic neuron
Postganglionic neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitter terminator
General response
Thoracic, lumbar spinal cord
SHORT axon
ACh
Next to spinal cord
LONG axon
Norepinephrine, epinephrine
MAO, COMT
Fight-or-flight
CHARACYERISTICS OF PARASYMPATHETIC
CNS nerve origin
Preganglionic neuron
Preganglionic neurotransmitter
Ganglia location.
Postganglionic neuron
Postganglionic neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitter terminator
General response
Cranium, sacral spinal cord
Long axon
ACh
Within or near effector organs
Short axon
ACh
Acetylcholinesterase
Rest-and-digest
blocks muscarinic receptors (used to increase heart rate).
Atropine
block nicotinic receptors (used to relax muscles).
Hexamethonium & Decamethonium
29.2 memorize
29.3
ALPHA-AND BETA-
ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
dobutamine
dopamine
ephedrine
epinephrine
norepinephrine
pseudoephedrine
ALPHA-SELECTIVE ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
clonidine (alpha-selective)
dexmedetomidine
(alpha-selective)
guanfacine
(alpha-selective),
midodrine
BETA-SELECTIVE ADRENERGIC
albuterol
arformoterol
formoterol
isoproterenol
levalbuterol
metaproterenol
olodaterol
salmeterol
terbutaline
Common adverse effects with adrenergic agonist
cns:
res[iratory:
CV:
GI:
FETAL:
CNS - Headache
sweating
anxeity
Respiratory:
Dyspnea
CV: hypertension
arrhytmias
angina
GI: Constipation
nausea
vomiting
fetal - toxicities
ALPHA-AND BETA-
ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
dosage/route and used indications
dobutamine
dosage/route and used indications
2.5-10 MCG/KG/MIN iv
treatment for HEART FAILURE
ALPHA-AND BETA-
ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
dopamine
dosage/route and used indication
5-10 mcg/kg/min iv
treatment for shock
ALPHA-AND BETA-
ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
ephedrine
dosage/route and used indications
10 mg IV BOLUS
treatment for hypotensive episode during anesthesia
ALPHA-AND BETA-
ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
epinephrine
dosage/route and used indications
ADULT:
0.05-2 mcg/kg/min iv - acute treatment
0.3-0.5 mg IM/SUBC - respiratory distress
1ml dillite with 100-1000ml - opthalmic
PEDRIATIC:
0.01 - 0.3mg subc/im (less 30kg)
0.3-0.5mg subc/im (over 30kg)
peds and adult:
prematine mist 1-2 inhalations q4hrs prn
treatment of hypotenmsion with shock
ALPHA-AND BETA-
ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
norepinephrine
dosage/route and used indications
8-12 mcg base/min IV
treatment for acute hypotensive
ALPHA-AND BETA-
ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
pseudoephedrine
dosage/route and used indications
phentolamine
adrogenic antagonist
ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AGONIST
CLONIDINE
GYANABENZ
GUANFACINE
ALPHA- SELECTIVE-
ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
clonidine hydrochloride (CATAPRES)
0.1 MG po bid - 2.4 mg/d
0.1 - 0.3 mg/day transdermal
treatmen for essential HYPERTENSION
CHRONIC PAIN
ALPHA- SELECTIVE-
ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
clonidine hydrochloride (KAPVAY)
0.1 mg HS PO - 0.4
treatment for ADHD
taper slowly when discontinue
ALPHA- SELECTIVE-
ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
Dexmedetomidine
1mcg/kg IV over 10 min then 0.2-0.7 mcg/kg/h IV for 24 hr
Sedation of intubated and mechinacally ventilated patients during treatment in an intensive care setting
ALPHA- SELECTIVE-
ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
guanfacine
initial doese 1 mg PO daily
treatment for adhd
ALPHA- SELECTIVE-
ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
midodrine
10 mg PO TID daytime
for orthostativ hypotension
ALPHA- SELECTIVE-
ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
phenylephrine
1-10 mg PO SUBc
40-250 mcg IV bolus
treatment for cold and allergies, perioperative hypotension;
vasolidatory shock
tachycardia
glaucoma
allergic rhinitis
otits media
aplha selective adrenergic agonist are contradicted in ther prescence of
ALLERGY
