Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Somatic

A

Conscious or voluntary regulation

Fibres do not synapse after they leave the CNS (single neuron from CNS to effector organ)- synapse when they reach effector organ

Innervates skeletal muscle fibres, always stimulatory

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2
Q

Autonomic

A

Functions without conscious awareness (involuntary)

Fibres synapse once at a ganglion after they leave the CNS (two-neuron chain). Motor control

Innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands; either stimulates or inhibits depending on where its organised

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3
Q

Parasympathetic

A

Cranial nerves to head, thorax and abdomen

Sacral outflow to pelvic organs

The vagus nerve to thorax and abdomen

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4
Q

Sympathetic

A

Cranial nerves to eye

Thoracolumbar nerves running adjacent to spinal cord

-The sympathetic chain
-Other ganglia
-Post ganglion did fibres

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5
Q

Somatic motor neurone

A

Generally comes out on cranial nerve or spinal

ACh used as a neurotransmitter

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6
Q

Autonomic motor neuron

A

Preganglionic neuron —> autonomic ganglion —> ppstganglionic neuron

Slower conduction in postganglionic neuron

ACh is the neurotransmitter at the autonomic ganglion

Neroadrenaline or ACh are neurotransmitters between the postganglionic neurone and effectors
Causes contraction of smooth or cardiac muscle, stimulation or inhibition of glandular secretion

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7
Q

Functions of the autonomic nervous system

A

Thermoregulation

Response to Exercise and stress

Digestion

Competition

Sexual function and bladder function

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8
Q

Outputs of ANS

A

Parasympathetic
-Cranial outflow
-Sacral outflow

Sympathetic
-Adrenal amplification

Enteric nervous system
Controls gut and digestion
Operates separately from parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system

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9
Q

Parasympathetic

A

Hitches a ride on cranial nerves II, VII, IX, X

Apart from sacral outflow, S1, S2 through fibres pass

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10
Q

Sympathetic

A

White and grey rami communicates, sympathetic chain

Splanchnic nerves (non-myelinated) to large thoracic-abdominal plexi- where the secondary synapses take place

Slide 18-21

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11
Q

The adrenal medulla

A

Causes secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline

Massive amplification of flight or fight

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12
Q

Parasympathetic cranial outflow

A

Preganglionic fibres run via:
-CN III
-CN VII
-CN IX
-CN X

Cell bodies located in cranial nerve nuclei (where the parasympathetic response starts) in the brain stem

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13
Q

The enteric nervous system

A

Coordinates GI function

Enteric system can work independently from ANS

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14
Q

Sympathetic

A

Preganglionic neuron
Neurotransmitter is ACh
At ganglion nicotinic receptors receives ACh

Postganglionic neuron
Neurotransmitter is Noradrenaline
At effector cell (smooth muscle/gland) adrenergic receptors receive NE

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15
Q

Sympathetic receptor sub types- nordarenaline

A

Alpha: alpha 1, alpha 2

Beta: beta 1, 2, 3

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16
Q

Sympathetic adrenergic receptor sub types

A

Slide 30

17
Q

Autonomic nervous system- the carotid receptors

A

Carotid body contains baroreceptors and chemoreceptors

18
Q

The carotid baro-receptor reflex pathway

A

Slide 33