Autonomic Drugs + Antipsychotics Flashcards
Direct Cholinergic Agonists
Bethanechol
Carbachol
Methacholine
Pilocarpine
Bethanechol Use/Action
Bladder and Bowel activaation
Carbachol Use/Action
EYES!
pupil constriction + ↓ IOP
Methacholine Use/Action
Challenge (asthma dx)
Pilocarpine Use/Action
Glaucoma (open + closed)
Also sweat, tears, saliva (all on the PILLOW!)
Indirect Cholinergics (Anti-cholinesterases)
-stigmine
Neo = no CNS penetration
Physo = phyxes atropine OD
Pyrido = gets RID of myasthenia gravis
Poison with mechanism of cholinesterase inhibitor (antidote?)
Organophasphates
Antidote: Atropine (+ pralidoxime regenerates enzyme)
Muscarinic (ACh) Antagonists
Atropine (treats bradychardia and other organs. toxicity makes you hot, dry, red, blind, and crazy)
Benztropine (Parkinson’s: “Park my Benz”)
Ipratropium (I “pray” to breathe)
[Predominantly] β Agonists
Epinephrine (β1 = β2)
Albuterol (β2 > β1)
Dobutamine (β1 > β2)
Isoproterenol (β1 = β2) (↑HR, ↓BP)
[Predominantly] α Agonists
Norepinephrine (α1 > α2 > β1; WEAK @ β2; ↑BP, ↓HR)
Phenylephrine (α1 > α2)
Cloniine, α-methyldopa (α2 only; Hypertensive emergencies or during pregnancy)
Indirect Sympathomimetics
Amphetamine
Cocaine (Don’t give β-blockers! α1 goes crazy => hypertension)
Ephedrine
α Blockers
Nonselective:
Phenoxybenzamine (pre-op pheochromocytoma)
Phentolamine (w/MAO inhibitors)
α1: -osin’s (use for BPH, PTSD, HTN; 1st does orthostatic hypotension)
α2: mirtazapine (Depression; ↑cholesterol + ↑appetite)
High Potency Typical Antipsychotics
Trifluoperazine Fluphenazine Haloperidol "Tri to Flu Haldol" Side FX: neuro (Huntington, delirium, EPS)
Low Potency Typical Antipsychotics
Chlorpromazine
Thioridazine
“Cheating thieves = low”
Side FX: anticholinergic, antihistamine, α1 blockade)
Atypical Antipsychotics
Olanzapine Clozapine (agranulocytosis, seizure risk) Quetiapine Risperidone (can ↑ PRL) Aripiprazole Ziprasidone "Old closet quietly risper from A to Z"
