AUTONOMIC Flashcards
Controls the contraction and dilatation of hollow organs having involuntary muscles in their walls.
THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
– a series of Ganglia or groups of cell bodies that lie on each side of the vertebral column from the skull to the coccyx.
Sympathetic Ganglia
– are chains of nerve fibers connecting these Ganglia.
Sympathetic Trunks
– lie in the lateral parts of the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord.
Centers for Sympathetic System
– are axons from these centers that pass out with the spinal nerves to reach the Sympathetic Ganglia.
Pre-ganglionic Fibers
– are axons which pass from the
Sympathetic ganglia out in one of two ways:
A. Some of them pass back to a spinal nerve and along it to supply sweat glands, vessels or hair muscle of the skin.
B. Others pass as visceral branches to other ganglia close to the organ supplied or to the organ itself.
Post-ganglionic Fibers
– are the three large plexuses of nerve fibers:
1.Cardiac above the heart.
2. Celiac behind the stomach where celiac artery begins.
3. Hypogastric in the lower abdomen.
Plexus/Plexuses
– absence of brain structures.
Anencephaly
– a large head, often due to a block in the holes in the roof of the fourth ventricle with blockage of the CSF.
Hydrocephalus
– an inflammation of the brain.
Encephalitis
– an inflammation of the Meninges or the covering the brain and cord.
Meningitis
– a disease in which the motor cell bodies in the anterior part of the spinal cord are affected and sometimes destroyed. If destroyed, this results in a paralysis of the muscles controlled by the axons and the extent depends upon the number of cells destroyed.
Poliomyelitis
