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Clinical Chemistry 1 > Automation and Terminologies > Flashcards

Automation and Terminologies Flashcards

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1
Q

____ is a technique, method, or system of operating or controlling a process by highly automatic means, reducing human intervention to a minimum.

A

Automation

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2
Q

The modern clinical chemistry uses a high degree of ____.

A

Automation

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3
Q

Automation permits the operator to focus on manual processes and increasing both ____.

A

efficiency and capacity

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4
Q

During the ____, laboratory testing is completely manual.

A

1950s

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5
Q

During the 1950s, laboratory testing is ____.

A

completely manual

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6
Q

____ is the first to release auto-analyzer.

A

Leonard Skeggs

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7
Q

____ reagent flow continuously through channels.

A

Continuous flow technology

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8
Q

During the ____, the first commercial centrifugal analyzer was produced.

A

1970s

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9
Q

The ____ was a spinoff technology from NASA.

A

Centrifugal analyzer

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10
Q

____ invented the Automatic Clinical Analyzer in 1970.

A

DuPont

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11
Q

DuPont invented the ____.

A

Automatic Clinical Analyzer

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12
Q

Automatic Clinical Analyzer is now called ____.

A

Siemens

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13
Q

Phases of Laboratory Testing

A
  • Pre-analytical
  • Analytical
  • Post-analytical
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14
Q

Phases of Laboratory Testing

Focuses on sample collection and processing

A

Pre-analytical

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15
Q

____ is when the specimen is obtained outside the facility.

A

Courier Service

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16
Q

____ is the earliest automated transport system introduced and still used today.

A

Pneumatic Tube System

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17
Q

____ occurs when a test is not available inside the lab.

A

Sent Out Tests

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18
Q

Phases of Laboratory Testing

Chemical analysis

A

Analytical

19
Q

Phases of Laboratory Testing

Processing of tests

A

Analytical

20
Q

Phases of Laboratory Testing

Data management

A

Post-analytical

21
Q

Phases of Laboratory Testing

Releasing of results

A

Post-analytical

22
Q

Phases of Laboratory Testing

Storing of specimen after processing

A

Post-analytical

23
Q

Definition of Terms

Number of tests that can be performed on the instrument

A

Test repertoire

24
Q

Definition of Terms

Only performs requested tests

A

Selective

25
Q

Definition of Terms

Maintain time required to obtain results after the initial sampling of the specimen.

A

Dwell time

26
Q

Definition of Terms

Maximum number of samples or tests that can be processed in an hour.

A

Throughput

27
Q

Definition of Terms

Labor maintenance, reagents, calibration, quality control, consumables and capital.

A

Cost

28
Q

Definition of Terms

A list of the analytes or tests that a laboratory would be able to provide for patient testing.

A

Test

29
Q

Definition of Terms

The number of test results that are generated by the laboratory during a given time.

A

Workload

30
Q

Definition of Terms

The ability of an operator to program the instrument to perform other tasks while the instrument processes the tests.

A

Walk-away capability

31
Q

Definition of Terms

A means of providing positive sample identification

A

Bar code

32
Q

Definition of Terms

The lowest value that can be readiliy be detected by a method without providing a false-positive result.

A

Selectivity

33
Q

Definition of Terms

The ability to measure only the analyte requested.

A

Specificity

34
Q

Definition of Terms

Define reagent stability before use

A

Shelf life

35
Q

Definition of Terms

Occurs when previous samples have a higher or lower results.

A

Carry over

36
Q

Definition of Terms

This occurs in system that reuse cuvettes that are insufficiently washed after each testing cycle.

A

Carry over

37
Q

Definition of Terms

The time the analyzer is not in use

A

Maintenance time (Downtime)

38
Q

Definition of Terms

A system other than manufacturer’s reagents can be utilized for measurement.

A

Open Reagent System

39
Q

Definition of Terms

A system where the operator can only use the manufacturer’s reagent.

A

Closed Reagent System

40
Q

Definition of Terms

All samples are loaded at the same time, and a single test is conducted on each sample.

A

Batch Testing

41
Q

Definition of Terms

More than one test is analyzed concurrently on a given clinical specimen.

A

Parallel Testing

42
Q

Definition of Terms

Any test can be performed on any sample in any sequence.

A

Random Access Testing

43
Q

Definition of Terms

Multiple tests analyzed one after another on a given specimen.

A

Sequential Testing

Clinical Chemistry 1 (6 decks)

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