autoimmunity

Question 1

reduced Treg:

Answer 1

autoimmune disease

Question 2

Most healthy people have very little:

Answer 2

IL17

Question 3

Advanced autoimmune disease patients have:

Answer 3

elevated Th17

Question 4

antibody mediated hyper sensitivity

Answer 4

type 2 (antibody-compliment system leads TWO mac ig M and IgG

Question 5

immune complex mediated hyper sensitivity

Answer 5

type 3: 3 parts, antibody, antigen, compliment protein Ig G, (serum sickness) (arthus reaction), systemic infection

Question 6

t cell mediated hyper sensitivity:

Answer 6

type 4, cell mediated, no antibodies included, 4Ts, t cells, transplant reactions, tb skin test, touching patch test

Question 7

autoimmune diseases (sle) is skewed;

Answer 7

women have much higher prevelance

Question 8

graves disease results in _____ via

Answer 8

hyper thyroidism, cell surface TSH receptor antigen

Question 9

myestinia graves causes ______ via

Answer 9

progressive weakness, ach receptor antigens on cell surface, make antibodies to it and t cell receptor (type 4)

Question 10

in myestinia graves:

Answer 10

B cells and T cells work together to cause disease: combination of type 2 and type 4 hypersensitivity, both work together to cause disease

Question 11

how do we get compliment linked with antibodies?

Answer 11

classical compliment is a way for antibodies to link back to innate immunity,

Question 12

Immune complex-mediated disease:

Answer 12

sle, anti-double stranded DNA and Sm antibodies are diagnostic (anti dsDNA) (also talks about RA)

Question 13

Rhumetoid Arthritis is diagnosed via____ example of ____

Answer 13

Anti-IgG Antibodies (rhuematoid factors), immune complex-mediated, antibodies against self (synovial fluid) and self aint going away, so it’s chronic inflammation)

Question 14

T-cells (type 4 hyper sensitivity) play a role in:

Answer 14

SLE, RA, Type 1 Diabetes (cd8 focus)

Question 15

SLE, RA, Type 1 diabetes, MS, Myesthinia Gravis are:

Answer 15

diagnosed with B cells, but can be diagnosed with T cells, combination, type 2 and 4

Question 16

drug induced hemolytic anemia:

Answer 16

penicilin, by itself doesn’t do much, too small, not a protein, bind to surface of RBC and you get hemolytic anemia

Question 17

autoimmune hemolytic anemia:

Answer 17

autoantibodies against RBC, you get anemia because of lysis,

Question 18

Graves is more of a:

Answer 18

type 2 hyper sensitivity, hyperthyroidism

Question 19

diseases involving autoantibodies:

Answer 19

hash, pernicious anemia (IF and Parietal cells), RA

Question 20

example of Type 3 immune-complex disease:

Answer 20

RA: autoantigen: rheumatoid factor IgG complexes

Question 21

type 1 diabetes is caused by ______ cells

Answer 21

self reacting, cd8 t cells attacking beta islet cells

Question 22

ms works by:

Answer 22

cd4 t cells, crosses blood brain barrier, interacts with apc named microglial cell via HLA class 2, demyelinate cells

Question 23

induce ms with a:

Answer 23

13omer

Question 24

Long term goal:

Answer 24

reintroduce tolerance, the problem is: epitope spreading

Question 25

epitope spreading:

Answer 25

Epitope (determinant) spreading is the development of immune responses to endogenous epitopes secondary to the release of self antigens during a chronic autoimmune or inflammatory response. The past year has seen considerable advances in our understanding of the contribution of epitope spreading to the chronic pathogenesis of experimental T-cell-mediated and antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases. Most significantly, conclusive functional evidence for a major role for epitope spreading in the chronic pathogenesis of murine relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a CD4+ T-cell-mediated model of multiple sclerosis, was forthcoming.