Autoimmunity

Question 1

Autoimmunity

Answer 1

Immunity to self (“friendly fire”) caused by failure of tolerance

Question 2

Autoimmune disease

Answer 2

A condition that occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys healthy body tissue

Question 3

Type 1a diabetes

Answer 3

• Autoimmune attack on islets of Langerhans beta cells (insulinproducing)

Question 4

Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 4

• Demyelination of the central nervous system

Question 5

Grave’s

Answer 5

• Hyperthyroidism w difuse goiter

Question 6

Hashimoto’s

Answer 6

• Hypothyroidism w goiter (enlarged thyroid)

Question 7

Lab Diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes

Answer 7

• ICA include : a-insulinoma antigen 2 (IA-2 and IA-2BetaA), a-insulin, a-GAD (Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase)

Question 8

Diagnositics for Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 8

• Some patients may have anti-myelin Abs. However, there is not one specific antibody that is diagnostic for MS

Question 9

Characteristics of Systemic autoimmunity

Answer 9

• Widespread pathologic changes in many organs throughout body

Question 10

Examples of diseases that are not caused by autoimmunity

Answer 10

Athlete’s foot, Type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s, Anaphylaxis

Question 11

Lab Diagnosis of Thyroid Autoimmune disease

Answer 11

a-thyroglobulin autAbs (IIF, passive agglutination,EIA)

Question 12

What is this pattern?

Answer 12

Centromere Antibody - Hep2

Question 13

Characteristics of Organ-specific autoimmunity

Answer 13

Chronic inflammatory changes in specific

Question 14

Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 14

Disease marked by progressive weakness and

Question 15

What are Autoimmune diseases associated with the Thyroid?

Answer 15

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Grave’s disease

Question 16

What is this pattern?

Answer 16

Homogeneous pattern on Hep-2; Anti-DNA, Anti-histones, Anti-nucleosomes, seen in RA and SLE

Question 17

What is this pattern?

Answer 17

Nucleolar pattern on Hep-2; Nucleolus, SLE, PSS

Question 18

The targets of Autoimmunity (classification)

Answer 18

Organ-specific and systemic

Question 19

What is this pattern?

Answer 19

Peripheral/rim pattern on Hep-2; Anti-dsDNA, Specific of SLE

Question 20

Examples of Autoimmune Diseases

Answer 20

Sjogren’s syndrome, Grave’s disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Pernicious Anemia, Type 1 Diabetes, Scleroderma, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Goodpasture’s syndrome Rheumatoid Arthritis, Celiac disease, Systemic Sclerosis, Addison’s disease, Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

Question 21

What is this pattern?

Answer 21

Speckled pattern on Hep-2; extractable nuclear Ag-SnRNPs (small nuclear ribonucleoproteins); SLE, SS

Question 22

How do Genes influence Autoimmunity

Answer 22

These are complex diseases; multiple genetic variants contribute to disease (MHC haplotype is a common risk factor)

Question 23

compare characteristics of weight fluctuations and temperature intolerance

Answer 23

Weight Gain/Cold Intolerance (Low T3/T4, anti-thyroglobulin +, Test anti-Thyroid PerOxidase (TPO)

Question 24

Describe the results attached to the Oligoclonal banding pattern

Answer 24

1 - No bands / Normal
2 - Identical pattern / Infection/Inflammation
3 - Identical pattern / Monoclonal protein
4 - CSF pattern / seen MS
5 - extra CSF bands / seen MS