autoimmune encephalitis

Question 1

What is autoimmune encephalitis?

Answer 1

A condition characterized by neuroinflammation leading to acute mental status changes

Includes symptoms such as confusion, behavioral changes, and psychosis.

Question 2

What are common symptoms of neuroinflammation in autoimmune encephalitis?

Answer 2

Acute mental status changes including:
* Confusion
* Behavioral changes
* Psychosis

These symptoms can vary in severity and presentation.

Question 3

What laboratory tests are performed for autoimmune encephalitis?

Answer 3

Blood tests for antibodies

Identifying specific antibodies can help in diagnosing the condition.

Question 4

What is the significance of a lumbar puncture in autoimmune encephalitis?

Answer 4

It shows increased lymphocytes

This finding is indicative of neuroinflammatory processes.

Question 5

What is the first-line treatment for autoimmune encephalitis?

Answer 5

Steroids and IV immunoglobulin (IVIg)

These treatments aim to reduce inflammation and modulate the immune response.

Question 6

What medication is used to manage agitation in autoimmune encephalitis?

Answer 6

Risperidone

This antipsychotic can help control agitation and behavioral disturbances.

Question 7

What is considered the second-line treatment for autoimmune encephalitis?

Answer 7

Plasma exchange

This procedure can help remove antibodies from circulation.

Question 8

What is the third-line treatment option for autoimmune encephalitis?

Answer 8

Rituximab

This monoclonal antibody targets CD20 on B cells, reducing antibody production.