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Pharm > Autocoids > Flashcards

Autocoids Flashcards

1
Q

Misoprostol

A

Analog for PGE-1, protects gastric mucosa and can cause abortion.

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2
Q

Alprostadil

A

Keeps open PDA(patent ductus arteriosus)

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3
Q

Indomethacin: Rx and side effects

A

Rx: Closes PDA (patent ductus arteriosus)

SE: Thrombocytopenia and agranulocytosis

Reversible inhibitors of COX 1 & 2

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4
Q

Dinoprostone

A

Analog for PGE-2, cervical ripening (dilation) for pregnancy.

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5
Q

Dinoprost & Carboprost

A

Analog to PGF-2, smooth muscle contactions, causes abortions.
(uterine/bronchiolar contraction)

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6
Q

Zileuton

A

Rx: inflammation

MOA: lipooxygenase inhibitor

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7
Q

Latanoprost

A

Analog to PGF-2, used in glucoma

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8
Q

Bimatoprost

A

Analog to PGF-2, used for eyelash growth

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9
Q

Epoprostenol

A

Analog to PGI-2, used in pulmonary HTN

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10
Q

Treprostinil

A

Analog to PGI-2, used for treatment of shortness of breath in pulmonary HTN

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11
Q

Bosentan & Ambrisentan

A

Antagonist to Endothelin-1, Used in patients with pulmonary HTN

Category X drug

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12
Q

Zafirlukast

A

Rx: allergies such as allergic rhinitis/asthma

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13
Q

Sildenafil (revatio)

A

Rx: pulmonary HTN

MOA: vasodilation by increasing cGMP to allow for smooth muscle contraction.

Can also be used for ED (Viagra)

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14
Q

Aspirin: RX & MOA

A

Rx: reduce pain, antipyretic, decrease risk of MI, and anti-platelet

MOA: blocks pain receptors from bradykinin and histamine, COX-1 inhibitor, COX-2 inhibitor, inhibits vitamin K factor formation.

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15
Q

Aspirin: Side effects

A

Low dose: hyperuricemia
High dose: Uricosuric (decreased tubular reabsorption), respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, gastritis, increased bleeding time, increased prothrombin time, salycism,

Buzz word: Tinnitus (ringing when no sound is present), vertigo, and decreased hearing.

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16
Q

Aspirin: Dosage and Toxic dose effects

A

Dose: 85mg (baby aspirin, MI reduction), 1-2 tablets (headaches), 3-5g (inflammatory conditions, high dose).

Toxic dose 30 tablets (A)/4-6 tablets (C): respiratory alkalosis then respiratory acidosis, hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis, and fever. T

17
Q

Aspirin: Allergic reaction effects & Drug Interactions

A

Allergic: Asthma, nasal polyps, and atrophic rhinitis.

Drug Interactions: Ethanol increases GI bleeding, blocks uricosurics, increases activity of hypoglycemic medication, increases warfarin toxicity.

18
Q

Aspirin overdose Rx

A

Gastric lavage by pumping stomach
Activated charcoal
Alkalization of urine

19
Q

Reye’s syndrome

A

Patient gets an upper respiratory illness or influenza because of taking aspirin.
This happens if a patient takes aspirin when they have a virus such as hepatitis.

20
Q

Acetaminophen: general information & Rx

A

Not an anti-inflammaotry drug, only inhibits central nervous system COX proteins.
No GI bleeding
No effects on blood coagulation

Rx: headaches

21
Q

Acetaminophen Toxicity

A

Will cause Hepatotoxicity because of N-acetylbenzoquinoneimine
Produced by p450 and is conjugated with reduced glutathione (GSH).
If too much is taken then can’t be reduced with GSH.

22
Q

Acetaminophen: antidote

A

Acetylcysteine: supply SH groups to inactivate N-acetylbenzoquinoneimine

23
Q

Ibuprofen: Rx

A 
#1 for pain relief
Reversible inhibitors of COX 1 & 2
24
Q

Naproxen: Rx

A

Used in GOUT

Reversible inhibitors of COX 1 & 2

25
Q

Etodolac: Rx

A

Reversible inhibitors of COX 1 & 2

26
Q

Ketorolac

A

Reversible inhibitors of COX 1 & 2

27
Q

Nabumetone

A

Reversible inhibitors of COX 1 & 2

28
Q

Sulindac: SE & MOA

A

SE: cramps and rashes

MOA: Reversible inhibitors of COX 1 & 2

29
Q

Tolmetin: MOA

A

MOA: Reversible inhibitors of COX 1 & 2

Does not affect the activity of oral hypoglycemics

30
Q

Diclofenac: SE & MOA

A

SE: hepatotoxicity

MOA: Reversible inhibitors of COX 1 & 2

31
Q

Selective COX-2 inhibitors

A

Rofecoxib: causes MI because it causes blood clots. Rx: inflammation (arthritis).
Removed from the market.

Celecoxib: cross allergy with sulfonamides
Valdecoxib

32
Q

Drugs that end with Triptan: MOA, SE, and RX
Sumatriptan
Zolmitriptan
Frovatriptan

A

MOA: agonist for 5HT1D receptor in cerebral BV (agonist to serotonin)

SE: asthenia and throat pressure

Rx: Migraine

33
Q

Ergotamine & Methysergide

A

MOA: partial agonist at alpha 1 and 5HT2 in BV.

Leads to vasoconstriction, which causes decrease pulsation of BV in acute migraine.

34
Q

Migraine Prophylaxis: Rx

A

Prevents migraines by administering

1) Beta blockers
2) Tricyclic Antidepressant
3) Calcium Channel blockers
4) Carbamazepine (Rx: for seizures)
5) Gabapentin
6) Valproic acid

Pharm (4 decks)

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