Autism Flashcards
(25 cards)
Autism?
behavioral disorder encompasses a very large spectrum and sx comorbid disorders are also present diagnostic tools are observational spectrum associated medical dx social difficulties communication difficulties restrictive/repetitive behaviors intellectual disability (mental retardation) males >> females
Autism - sx?
social interaction difficulties
communication challenges
has repetitive behaviors
+/- medical conditions
Autism - etiology?
unknown - many theories
GENETICS
fragile X (?)
environmental factors
Autism - tx?
no cure
earlier intervention the better
Autism -timeline?
8-10 mo: cannot response to names; delayed babbling
toddlerhood: difficulty w/ social games, playing alone
attachment to parents
Autism - social challenges?
difficulty with:
- social cues
- seeing things from another’s perspective****
- regulating emotions: may lose control w// unfamiliar situations
Autism - communication diffculties?
delays:
-babbling
-speaking
-using gestures
REGRESSION of communication skills
language may be characterized by not being able to COMBINE words
repetition of same phrase
echolalia (repetition of what they heard/seen)
cannot hold a convo
cannot understand body language, tone, expressions
+/- prosody impacted (“sing songy tone/intonation goes higher at the end of words spoken)
Infant is babbling and cooing and then loses ability?
Autism w/ communication difficulties: REGRESSION
Autism - repetitive behaviors?
participating in restricted range of activities
hand-flapping, rocking, jumping, twirling
arranging and rearranging objects
UPSET if not in correct order
DAILY ROUTINE is IMPORTANT
preoccupations/obsession
Autism-comorbidities?
1) sleep disorders
2) seizures
3) Gi sx
4) hyperlexia - able to read words but they dont know what it means
5) PICA - eating this that is not edible
Autism - other sx?
tactile- hypo/hyper responsive to touch
vestibular - moving/standing/balance
proprioceptive - clumsiness, manipulating objets, poor posture
auditory - hypersensitivity to sounds
Autism - sex ratio?
males»_space; females
Autism - prevalence?
increasing overtime
1/42 boys
Autism - why is prevalence increasing?
more professional awareness
more public awareness
access to services/diagnostic substitution
broader diagnostic criteria and better instruments
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXINS
Autism - NICHD 5 warning behavior signs?
does not:
1) babbling -12 mo
2) gesture (point, wave, reach) -12 mo
3) say single words - 16 mo
4) two -word phrases by self -24 mo
5) HAS ANY LOSS of language social skill at ANY age
Autism - when to dx?
3-4yrs
rare before age of 2yo
Autism- surveillance and screening RF?
sibling w/ autism
parent concern
report of concern of another caregiver ie) child care provider
physician concern
Autism - gold standard tools?
MCHAT: 18-24mo (screening- gold standard)
gold standard for diagnosing:
ADI-R
ADOS-2
Autism - dx?
NO medical test avail
diagnosis is BEHAVIORAL
+/- SLP
Autism - DSM 5 changes?
SINGLE diagnosis: autism spectrum disorder
NO Asperger
NO PDD-NOS
NO Rett sx: there is a genetic cx (known)
NO childhood disintegrative disorder
Autism - levels of severity?
Change in DMS 5
Level 1- requiring support
Level 2 - requiring substantial support
Level 3- requiring very substantial support
Autism - intervention?
behavioral intervention
developmental intervention
Developmental intervention?
evaluating and treating children w/ ASD
reciprocal interaction
all aspects of development should be addressed
Developmental and naturalistic behavioral intervention?
developmental:
-matching child’s developmental level
-imitating
-using indirect language stimulation (parallel, talk, modeling)
-making the situation as interactive as possible
naturalistic:
-controlling the environment using the developmental interventions that work
