Addiction Flashcards

0
Q

What are the levels of usbstacne cuse disorder?

A

mild
moderate
severe

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1
Q

What is substance use disorder?

A

problematic use of substance

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2
Q

What is mild substance use disorder?

A

“abuse”
ability to self-regulate
generally non-catastrophic harm
lower levels of salience

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3
Q

What is mod/severe substance use disorder?

A

addiction

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4
Q

what is biological process of reward?

A

changes of brain tissues

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5
Q

What are behavioral diagnosis?

A

misuse
abuse
addiction

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6
Q

What is psudeo-addiction?

A

pain condition that was under treated –> tx it? –> give pt analgesic –> STOP addiction behaviors

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7
Q

What drugs can causes dependency?

A
alcohol
benzo
opiates
ssri
snri
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8
Q

What neurotransmitter gives reward to the brain?

A

dopamine

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9
Q

What is the ventral tegmental area –> nucleus acumbens?

A

“warm fuzzy”
very old part of the brain
“imprints” of memories

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10
Q

What does addiction mean?

A

compulsive use despite harm

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11
Q

What does salience mean?

A

stressed –> lean towards the ‘good’ imprints in the brain

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12
Q

Salience in tx?

A

ask: do you miss being high or under the influence?

emotional loading about this issue

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13
Q

Drinking?

A

men 4/day
women 3/day
likely to lead to mild to mod degree of physical dependence in many patients

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14
Q

Alcohol?

A

dopamine reward –> euphoric buzz
changes in the GABA system of the brain
deep physical dependency –> potentially fatal withdrawal

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15
Q

Alcohol tx?

A

abstinence is difficult –> “just drink less”

16
Q

Alcohol withdraw - prognosis?

A

untreated –> DEATH

17
Q

Alcohol raving reduction?

A
naltrexone/vivitrol
acamprosatee/campril
topamax
varenciline/chantix
CBT
18
Q

Stimulants?

A

PROFOUND dopamine release

19
Q

Cannabis?

A

two main components: THC (intoxicating), CBD (nonintoxicating)
euphorigenic effects from dopamine release
influences HR, appetite, level of consciousness/awareness/cognition
withdrawal sx –> physical dependency

20
Q

Cannabis - YA use for 12 mo?

A

mental health disorders 20 yrs later

21
Q

Cannabis - heavy use in teen yrs?

A

8-10 pt IQ reduction

22
Q

Opioids?

A

pain pills to heroin

cx: abscess, heart valve, brain fxn

23
Q

Narcan?

A

opioid antagonist

24
Q

Opioids abuse tx?

A
long term maintenance w/ Methadone or buprenorphine --> MOST PROMISING 
decreases HIV/hepC 
opioid blockers (inject or oral naltrexone/narcan)
25
Q

Conversation between patient and physician?

A

concerns about substance

advice/support to cut down

26
Q

CAGE?

A

cut down
annoyed
guilty
eye opener

27
Q

Steps for tx?

A

step1: assessment by chemical dependency professional
step 2: engagement in tx
step3: completion/non completion of tx
goal: long term engagement in personal program of recovery

28
Q

Components of tx?

A
group therapy
individual therapy
medical in house or PCP
family therapy
community: AA
29
Q

Challenges to tx?

A

addiction is survival biology based
other biological hx
learned behaviors are sociologically reinforced
relapse

30
Q

What is abstinence?

A

commitment to learning how to cope w/out the illusion of chemical comfort

31
Q

Challenges to abstinence?

A

lifestyle

preparedness to commit

32
Q

Challenges to tx?

A

survival based behavior
learned and reinforced socially
self treatment of co-occurring conditions
entitlement
permanent neurobiological changes - cell death, receptor downregulation