Autacoids

Question 1

Which drug types inhibit Histamine release?

Answer 1

• Cromolyn Na: mast cell stabilizer
• Catecholamines
• Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
• Glucocorticoids (reduce IgE mediated histamine release from mast cells)

Question 2

What are some effects of H1 agonists?

Answer 2

• contract smooth muscle in the GI, bronchioles, uterus, large blood vessels
• positive inotrope

Question 3

T/F. H1 is a dilation receptor.

Answer 3

FALSE. constriction receptor

Question 4

What are some effects of H2 agonists?

Answer 4

gastric acid secretion, positive inotrope

Question 5

T/F. A histamine antagonist is the same as an antihistamine.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

First generation H1 antagonists have a (sedating/non-sedating) effect and (do/do not) cross the BBB.

Answer 6

• sedation effect

- DO cross the BBB

Question 7

Second generation H1 antagonists have a (sedating/non-sedating) effect and (do/do not) cross the BBB.

Answer 7

• no sedation effect

- do NOT cross the BBB

Question 8

What is the route of administration of H1 antagonists?

Answer 8

per os

Question 9

What would you use an H1 antagonist for?

Answer 9

allergies, anaphylaxis, motion sickness, antiemetic

Question 10

Which H1 antagonist would you use for motion sickness? As an antiemetic?

Answer 10

• motion sickness: Meclizine (Dramamine)

- antiemetic: Diphenhydramine

Question 11

T/F. H2 Antagonists are prescription only.

Answer 11

False, they are OTC

Question 12

What is the method of action of H2 antagonists?

Answer 12

competitive antagonists at H2 receptors

they block HCl secretion

Question 13

Name 4 H2 antagonists.

Answer 13

Cimetidine
Ranitidine
Famotidine
Nizatidine

Question 14

Which H2 antagonist is used to treat EQUINE MELANOMAS? Why?

Answer 14

Cimetidine d/t immunomodulatory efect

Question 15

Which 2 H2 antagonists are GI pro kinetics?

Answer 15

Ranitidine, Nizatidine

Question 16

What are H2 antagonists used to treat, typically?

Answer 16

peptic and duodenal ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux, erosive gastric disease

Question 17

What is Cisapride?

Answer 17

a Serotonin (5HT) Agonist
-5HT4 receptor agonist, prokinetic

Question 18

How many days does Fluoxetine take to work for aggression? for depression?

Answer 18

Aggression - 4 days

Depression - 3-4 weeks

Question 19

What is the mode of action of Fluoxetine? What is it typically used to treat?

Answer 19

SSRI (increases serotonin in brain)

it is an antidepressant used for separation anxiety

Question 20

Cyproheptadine, Ondansetron, Metoclopramide, Mirtazapine are examples of…

Answer 20

Serotonin(5HT) Antagonists

Question 21

Which drug is used to treat serotonin syndrome in dogs and cats?

Answer 21

Cyproheptadine

Question 22

Which serotonin antagonist would you use to stimulate appetite?

Answer 22

Cyproheptadine

Question 23

What is a common function of serotonin antagonists?

Answer 23

antiemetics

Question 24

Which drug is a SARI (serotonin antagonist repute inhibitor)?

Answer 24

Trazadone (antidepressant)

Question 25

What does Trazadone do? What is it used for?

Answer 25

- increases serotonin levels in the brain | - extra-label in dogs and cats for anxiety-related problems (blocks alpha receptors and can cause hypotension)

Question 26

Which drug is a neurokinin antagonist?

Answer 26

Maropitant citrate (Cerenia)

Question 27

What is the MOA of Cerenia?

Answer 27

blocks NK1 receptors and inhibits release of substance P

Question 28

What is Cerenia used for? What species?

Answer 28

- prevent acute vomiting d/t motion sickness, viral infection, or chemotherapy - DOGS ONLY (tablet or injection)

Question 29

What are 4 cause of renin secretion?

Answer 29

1) decrease BP 2) low RBF 3) decrease in Na and Cl 4) B1 receptor stimulation

Question 30

Renin is inhibited by... (5)

Answer 30

1) Angiotensin II 2) ADH 3) increased BP 4) increase in Na reabsorption 5) Beta blockers

Question 31

Losartan is a....

Answer 31

Angiotensin II Antagonist

Question 32

List 4 ACE inhibitors

Answer 32

Enalapril, Captopril, Lisinopril, Benazepril

Question 33

What is Misoprostol? What is it used for?

Answer 33

- synthetic prostaglandin E1 | - GI cytoprotection and decreases acid secretion --> anti-ulcer drug

Question 34

What is Latanoprost used for?

Answer 34

used topically on eye to treat open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension

Question 35

What is Latanoprost?

Answer 35

Prostaglandin agonist

Question 36

Galliprant is...

Answer 36

prostaglandin antagonist

Question 37

Which drugs are PG inhibitors?

Answer 37

- NSAIDs (cyclooxygenase inhibitors) | - corticosteroids (phospholipase A2 inhibitors)

Question 38

What do you use Galliprant to treat?

Answer 38

osteoarthritis, pain, and inflammation in DOGS

Question 39

What do leukotriene inhibitors do? What are 2 examples?

Answer 39

prevent bronchoconstriction in bronchial asthma | -Zafirlukast, Zileuton

Question 40

What are Zafirlukast and Zileuton?

Answer 40

leukotriene inhibitors

Question 41

Which leukotriene inhibitors is indicated for use in CATS?

Answer 41

Zafirlukast

Question 42

Which JAK inhibitor did we learn?

Answer 42

Oclacitinib/Apoquel

Question 43

What is Oclactinib/apoquel used for?

Answer 43

-control puritis associated with allergic dermatitis and atopic dermatitis in dogs over 1 year old

Question 44

T/F. Apoquel is the drug of choice to treat puritis due to allergic dermatitis.

Answer 44

False. LAST RESORT!