Auscultory Findings Flashcards
How do valsava, nitroglycerin administration and abrupt standing affect the heart?
Decrease Preload
How does sustained hand grip affect the heart?
Increase Afterlad
How does passive leg raise affect the heart?
Increase Preload
How does squatting affect the heart?
Increases Afterload and Preload
What causes the murmur of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy to increase in intensity?
Decreasing Preload
What causes the murmur of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy to decrease in intensity?
Increasing afterload and Increasing Preload
How does exhalation affect the heart?
Increase flow to left side of the heart
How does inhalation affect the heart?
Increases venous return to the right side of the heart
What is mitral stenosis associated with?
Rheumatic fever
Diastolic rumble after opening snap?
Mitral Stenosis
What makes the murmur of mitral stenosis louder?
Squatting (increased venous return)
What is associated with aortic stenosis?
Age and congenital bicuspid valves
Systolic crescendo decrescendo mumur in the second right intercostal space
Aortic stenosis
What decreases the murmur of aortic stenosis?
Valsava, standing (decreased venous return), and handgrip (decreased flow out of heart)
What is associated with mitral regurg?
Hypertension, endocarditis, and MI with papillary muscle rupture
Holosystolic murmur radiating to the axilla
Mitral regurgitation
What increases the intensity of the MR murmur?
Squatting, exhalation, and leg raise (increased venous return) and handgrip (increases afterload)
What is aortic regurg associated with?
MI Htn Endocarditis Marfans Syphilis anything that dilates the heart
What signs does AR present with?
Wide pulse pressure, nail bed pulsations, hill sign (BP way higher in legs then arms) and head bobbing
Diastolic decrescendo murmur heard best at the left sternal boarder
Aortic Regurgitation
What makes the mumur of aortic regurgitation louder?
Handgrip (Increased afterload)
What makes the mumur of aortic regurgitation softer?
Valsalva and standing (decreased venous return)
What is associated with MVP?
Normal anatomic varient, esp in women, also marfans and ehlers danlos
Midsystolic click
MVP
What increases the murmur of MVP?
Valsava, standing (decresed venous return)
What diminishes the murmur of MVP?
Squatting, handgrip (increasing LV chamber size)
Name the only 2 murmurs that do not increased with exhalation?
MVP and HOCM
