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Longwood University > Aural Rehabilitation > Flashcards

Aural Rehabilitation Flashcards

1
Q

What is AR?

A

professional process used when working with a client + HR to achieve better communication & minimize difficulties caused by HL

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2
Q

Goals of AR

A

Enhance activities and participation of a person with hearing loss so as to improve his/her quality of life

-adequate receptive and expressive communication = a major means pf reaching this goal

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3
Q

Providers of aural rehabilitation

A
  • teachers of the deaf/ hard-of-hearing
  • audiologists
  • speech-language pathologists
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4
Q

Family-centered care revolves around

A

partner/spouse

parents

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5
Q

Providers must know & understand the

A

characteristics of HL
effect of it on persons
competencies needed for providing audiologic rehabilitation

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6
Q

slight to mild HL (dB)

A

Children: 21-40
Adults: 6-40

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7
Q

Mild-moderate HL

A

41-55 dB

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8
Q

Moderate HL

A

56-70 dB

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9
Q

Severe HL

A

71-90 dB

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10
Q

Profound HL

A

91+ dB

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11
Q

Prevalence of HL in the US

A

14-40 M with HL

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12
Q

Most of the 10% American population are considered ….. more than …..

A

hard-of-hearing rather than deaf

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13
Q

WHO estimates ……. worldwide have …..

A

360 million/ a disabling HL

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14
Q

A disabling HL

A

more severe than 40 dBHL in the better-hearing ear in adults

more severe than 30dBHL in the better-hearing ear in children

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15
Q

Time of onset

A

Prelingual
Perilingual
Postlingual
Deafened

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16
Q

Difference between postlingual and deafened

A

Postlingual: after 5 (speech can be affected substantially, but less chance for language)
Deafened: after completing schooling

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17
Q

speech recognition

A

ability to repeat/ identify

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18
Q

speech discrimination

A

same/different judgement

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19
Q

Speech recognition in persons with cochlear implants is usually comparable to those ….

A

with only mild HL

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20
Q

s

Speech recognition also is an important variable in

A

describing a HL as it tells you a little about functional skills

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21
Q

Consequence of HL

A

communication difficulties

  • impact on verbal communication
  • underdeveloped oral communication skills
  • educational, vocational, psychological and social implication difficulties
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22
Q

EHDI is

A

Early Hearing Detection and Intervention

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23
Q

Evidence-based practice is

A

the integration of clinical expertise, patient values, the best research evidence into the decision making process for patient care

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24
Q

Boothroyd (2007) - best approach to AR is ….

A

Holistic

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25
Q

Airal Rehabilitation

A
  1. Combination of technology
  2. Various types of training
  3. Counseling
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26
Q
  1. Combination of technology
A

Personal FM

Pairing hearing aids with devices

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27
Q
  1. Various types of training
A
  • computer-based AR programs

- family-centered AR

28
Q
  1. Counseling
A
  • changing attitudes toward HL

- positive communication behaviors

29
Q

Assessment core areas

A

Communication impairmeny & activity limitation
Overall participation variables
Related personal factors
Environmental factors

30
Q

Examples of Communication impairment & actovity limitation

A

Pure tone audiometry
speech audiometry
Self-report

31
Q

Examples of overall participation variables

A

social, emotional, educational, vocational, health, & other issues that are important to the client and significant others

32
Q

Examples of related personal factors

A

attitudes, motivation & other disbilities or personal conditions that may affect treatment

33
Q

Environmental factors

A

physical and social aspects of the environment

34
Q

Care management

A

Counseling

Audibility-amplification

Remediation for communication activities

Environmental coordination and participation issues

35
Q

Counseling includes

A

info on the assessment findings, client helps set goals for treatment (social validity)

treatment goals fall into the next 3 areas

36
Q

Rehabilitation management

A

varies between people
varies over time
work with person with HL & communication partners to find a combination of solutions that enable listening goals to be achieved and maintained across environments with various communication partners

37
Q

Settings for AR (children)

A 
Early intervention 
Clinic 
School/preschool
Inclusion classroom 
Pull-out services 
Residential schools for the deaf
38
Q

Settings for AR (adults)

A 
universities 
VA hospitals 
ENT practices 
Community hospitals 
Community programs 
Clinics 
SNFs (skilled nursing facilities)
39
Q

Inner ear contains ….

A

sense organs for balance & sound

40
Q

Conductive disorders

A
  • outer or middle ear
  • otitis media
  • structural
  • trauma
  • wax
41
Q

Number-one reason for visits to the doctor’s office by children under age 15

accouns for 15-20% of childhood HL

prolonged or frequent bouts of OM can cause significant speech and language problems (especially if they occur in the first few years of life)

A

Otitis media (ear infections)

42
Q

PE tubes

A
  • a small incision is made in the tympanic membrane

- tube inserted to drain fluid

43
Q

Causes of obstructed ET

A 
swelling from infection, allergies or irritants
neurologic problems (muscle weakness) 
steuctural problems (cleft palate, enlarged tonsils or adenoids)
44
Q

Auditory neuropathy

A

normal cochlea, abnormal nerve function

“Auditory dys-synchrony”

45
Q

Causes of auditory neuropathy

A

Juandice (hyperbilirubin)

Hereditary neuropathies

46
Q

Difference between behavioral tests and objective tests

A

Behavioral tests: require the child to do sth in response to the sound ( cooperation and physical state)

Objective tests: do not require a response from the child

47
Q

Examples of objective tests

A 
tympanometry (tymps) 
acoustic reflexes (AR) 
otoacoustic emissions (OAE) 
auditory brainstem response (ABR)
48
Q

Tympanometry tests

A

middle ear function

49
Q

Acoustic reflexes (AR) tests

A

auditory nerve function

50
Q

OAE tests

A

inner ear function

51
Q

ABR tests

A

auditory pathway

52
Q

How does tympanometry work?

A

measures movement of the eardrum as air pressure is changed in the ear canal

(Pressure & vol.)

53
Q

Type A tympanogram

A

Normal eardrum mobility
Normal pressure
Normal volume

54
Q

Type C Negative tympanogram

A

Normal eardrum mobility
Negative pressure
Normal volume

55
Q

ABR us done during ….

A

sleep/ sedation

56
Q

Otoacoustic emissions (OAE): cochlear function test characteristics

A

echo analayzed to determine how well the inner ear is working

measures the function of the outer (inner ear)

NOT a hearing test

57
Q

OAEs tests …. while …. test the nerve and brainstem

A

the cochlea / ABR

58
Q

OAE can diagnose HL?

A

Yes but it is not a hearing test

59
Q

Examples of Behavioral tests

A

behavioral observation
VRA
Play audiometry

60
Q

Evaluating infants and yound children&raquo_space;> valid and reliable test resuls

A

We need to be able to control the child’s behavior

get info about difficulties, capabilities and attention span

61
Q

Factors that influence type of test

A 
chronological & developmental age
neurological status 
hearing level 
willingless to perform 
test environment
62
Q

Behavioral observation audiometry (BOA)

A 
age newborn- 4 months 
Epicit reflexes (startle, eyeblink, eye widening)
63
Q

Mixed losses audiogram

A

Sensori + Earwax
Otitis media
Atresia
Auditory neuropathy

64
Q

4 major parts of hearing aids

A

microphone
battery
amplifier
receiver

65
Q

5 major types of hearing aids

A
  1. BTE
  2. less visible BTE
  3. ITE
  4. ITC
  5. CIC

Longwood University (10 decks)

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