August 24, 2015 - Podcasts

Question 1

Crude Mortality Rate

Answer 1

Nunber of deaths in a year / mid-year population

Question 2

Infanty Mortality Rate

Answer 2

Number of deaths under one year of age / live births in year

Question 3

Neonatal Mortality Rate

Answer 3

Number of deaths under 28 days of age / Live births in the year

Question 4

Maternal Mortality Ratio

Answer 4

Number of deaths in pregnancy and childbirth / Live births in year

Question 5

Case Fatality Rate

Answer 5

Number of deaths due to a disease / Number of cases of that disease

Ex. Ebola

Question 6

Prevelance

Answer 6

The number of existing cases of a disease in a population.

Question 7

Incidence

Answer 7

The number of new cases of a disease amongst people during a specified period of time.

Question 8

Point Prevelance

Answer 8

The number of cases at a particular time / Population at that time

Question 9

Period Prevelance

Answer 9

Number of cases over an interval of time / Population at mid-point of interval

Question 10

Incidence Risk

Answer 10

Number of new cases occuring over an interval of time / Population at risk at start of the interval

Question 11

Incidence Rate / Incidence Density

Answer 11

Number of new cases occuring over an interval of time / Person-years at risk over the interval

Useful for exposure. Ex. workplace injury by hours worked. If you only work 1 hour a week, you are going to be less at risk than someone working 40.

Question 12

Relative Risk

Answer 12

Incidence of disease in those exposed / Incidence of disease in those unexposed

Question 13

Potential Years of Life Loss (PYLL)

Answer 13

The sum of the number of deaths at each age multiplied by the life expectancy at each age.

Question 14

Potential Years of Life Disabled (PYLD)

Answer 14

(Number of incident cases) x (average duration) x (weight)

Weight ranges from 0 (perfect health) to 1 (death)

Question 15

Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY)

Answer 15

PYLL + PYLD

Estimates the total burden of disease in a population. One DALY can be thought of as one lost year of healthy life.

Question 16

Direct Standardization

Answer 16

Usually done on age and sex. You take the data from your community and apply it to the next-level data that is higher up. For example, Alberta.

Question 17

Indirect Standardization

Answer 17

Taking the population from a higher-up level such as Alberta or Canada and extrapolating the data for whaty ou would expect to see in your community.

Question 18

Standardized Mortality Ratio

Answer 18

SMR = Total number of observed deaths / Total number of expected deaths