Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro Test 3 > auditory tracts > Flashcards

auditory tracts Flashcards

1
Q

primary afferent auditory pathway

A

CN VIII chochlear part –spiral ganglion–> brainstem at pontomedullary junction –> ascending and descending bundles

ascending –> anterior subdivision of ventral cochlear nucleus
descending –> posterior subdivision of ventral cochlear nucleus and dorsal cochlear nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ascending bundle of auditory tract synapses on which nuclei?

A

anterior subdivision of ventral cochlear nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

descending bundle of auditory tract synapses on which nuclei

A

posterior subdivision of ventral cochlear nucleus and dorsal cochlear nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

dorsal cochlear nucleus

A

ID sound source elevation and ID complex spectral characteristics of sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ventral cochlear nucleus

A

horizontal localization of sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

monaural tracts

  • # ears
  • routed to which side?
A

1 ear, contralateral side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

monaural tract

-pathway

A

cell bodies in dorsal cochlear nucleus cross via dorsal acoustic stria (pons) –> ascend lateral lemniscus –> inferior colliculus –> brachium of inferior colliculus –> medial geniculate nucleus –> sublenticular limb of posterior internal capsule –> layer IV of primary auditory cortex (Heschl’s gyrus) in temporal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does the monaural tract cross to the contralateral side?

A

dorsal acoustic stria of the pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

binaural tract

  • # of ears
  • routed to which side?
A

2 ears, bilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

binaural tract

-function

A

receive, compare, and transmit input

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

binaural tract

-pathway

A

cochlear division of CN VIII –> ventral cochlear nuclei in medulla –> bilateral projection through trapezoid body in the pons –> superior olivary complex (nucleus) –> medial superior olivary nucleus and lateral superior olivary nucleus –> lateral lemniscus –> inferior colliculus –> brachium –> medial geniculate nucleus –> sublenticular portion of internal capsule –> layer IV of primary auditory cortex (herschl’s gyrus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

all nerve cells from spiral ganglia will synapse in ___

A

cochlear nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do the monaural and binaural paths have in common?

A

inferior colliculus, brachium, medial geniculate nucleus, primary auditory cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

conduction deafness

A

deficit related to an obstructed or altered transformation of sound to the tympanic membrane or through the ossicle chain

-external or middle ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sensioneural deafness

A

results from damage to the cochlea, the cochlear part of CN VIII, or to the cochlear nuclei
-ipsilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

central deafness

A

damage to the central pathways

-problems with localization of sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

basilar artery

A

blood supply to cochlea, auditory nuclei of pons and medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

internal auditory (labyrinthine artery)

A
  • branch of AICA

- inner ear and cochlear nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

occlusion of AICA

A
  • monaural hearing loss
  • facial nerve palsy
  • pontine gaze center
  • inability to look toward side of lesion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

short circumfrential branches of the basilar A

A

superior olivary complex and lateral lemniscus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

superior cerebellar and quadrigeminal arteries from PCA

A

inferior colliculus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

thalamogeniculate arteries

A

medial geniculate bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

M2 segment of MCA

A

primary auditory and association cortices

24
Q

dominant hemisphere

A

LEFT if right handed
may be either if left handed
94% LEFT

25
Q

Wernicke’s area

A

comprehension of spoken language

26
Q

Broca’s area

A
  • instruction for language output
  • planning the movements to produce speech
  • providing grammatical function of words
27
Q

non-dominant Wernicke’s area

A

interpreting nonverbal signals from other people, interpreting sarcasm, understanding pitch and tone

28
Q

non-dominant Broca’s area

A

instructions for producing non-verbal communication including emotional gestures and intonation of speech

29
Q

pathway of language in the brain

A

primary auditory cortex –> auditory association cortex –> Wernicke’s area –> subcortical connections through arcuate fibers –> Broca’s area –> oral and throat region of sensorimotor cortex

30
Q

What part of the brain functions for auditory discrimination?

A

primary auditory cortex

31
Q

What part of the brain functions for classification of sounds (language vs other sounds)

A

auditory association cortex

32
Q

What part of the brain functions for auditory comprehension, vocabulary?

A

Wernicke’s area

33
Q

What part of the brain functions to link Wernicke’s and Broca’s areas?

A

subcortical connections - arcuate fibers

34
Q

What part of the brain functions for instructions for language output?

A

Broca’s area

35
Q

What part of the brain functions for cortical output to speech muscles?

A

oral and throat region of sensorimotor cortex

36
Q

function of lateral temporal cortex

A

semantic knowledge and word recognition (meaning)

37
Q

function of arcuate fasciculus

A

word repetition

38
Q

function of dorsal motor cortex

A

motor programs for articulation

39
Q

function of Wernicke’s area

A

word representation and word retrieval

40
Q

auditory agnosia

A
  • lesion to unimodal sensory association cortex bilaterally

- inability to describe a sound that has been heard

41
Q

agnosia

A

inability to ID an object despite being able to perceive it

42
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia (receptive or fluent aphasia)

A
  • defect of the comprehension of language
  • expression is fine
  • unable to understand what is said to them
  • alexia
  • agraphia
  • display fluent paraphasic speech
  • on a spectrum
  • not aware that they cannot comprehend
43
Q

alexia

A

unable to read

44
Q

agraphia

A

unable to write comprehensible language

45
Q

anatomical area of Wernicke’s

A
  • temporal lobe: superficial temporal gyrus

- parietal lobe: angular gyrus and supermarginal gyrus

46
Q

Broca’s aphasia (expressive aphasia or non-fluent aphasia)

A
  • loss of the ability to speak fluently
  • can understand spoken and written language
  • most severe: mutism
  • less severe: limited speech, short habitual phrases, slow, labored, poor enunciation, telegraphic speech
47
Q

telegraphic speech

A

nonessential words are omitted

48
Q

Can Broca’s aphasia pt understand what is said?

A

yes - may get frustrated or depressed

49
Q

Can Wernicke’s aphasia pt understand what is said?

A

no, but they don’t realize they’re not understanding

50
Q

Can Broca’s aphasia pt repeat?

A

no

51
Q

Can Wernicke’s aphasia pt repeat?

A

no

52
Q

global aphsia

A
  • lesion of lateral sulcus
  • both Wernicke’s and Broca’s hit
  • receptive and expressive deficits
  • reading and writing impaired
  • won’t acknowledge you
53
Q

transcortical aphasia

A
  • can repeat
  • motor similar to broca’s
  • sensory similar to wernicke’s
54
Q

conduction aphasia

A
  • fluent aphasia
  • lesion of supramarginal gyrus and arcuate fasiculus
  • can’t repeat
  • intact fluency
  • good comprehension
  • speech interupted by word-finding difficulties
  • reading intact, writing impaired
55
Q

anomic aphasia

A

word finding difficulties

Neuro Test 3 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions