Audiology: Final Flashcards
What are the basic components of a HA?
Microphone, amplifier, receiver, battery, volume control, & program button
What does the microphone in a HA do?
It captures the sound from the environment
What does the amplifier of a HA do?
It makes the signal louder
What does the reciever part of the HA do?
It sends amplified signal to the ear
What does the program button do?
It chooses different listening programs
What HA styles are there?
body, behind-the-ear (BTE), and in-the-ear (ITE)
What types of ITE are there?
Full shell, half-shell, canal, and completely-in-the-canal (CIC)
What are body aids?
increase power, easy to manipulate due to larger controls, durable, and good for multi-handicapped, MR, CP, and elderly populations
What is the difference between open and pairing BTEs?
Open BTEs usually mean that a person has normal low frequencies hearing so the canal should be open to receive the low frequencies sounds naturally while pairing is when you could be able to get binaural hearing through hearing aids while using the phone
What does the external microphone of a CI do?
it picks up sounds and speech in the environment
What does the speech processor of a CI do?
digitizes, analyzes, and processes the acoustic signal
What does the cord of a CI do?
it sends the digitized sound to the external transmitter
What does the external transmitter of a CI do?
It sends a signal across the skin to the internal receiver
What does the internal receiver of the CI do?
It stimulates the electrode array based on the frequency information of the signal
What does the electrode array of the CI do?
It sits in the cochlea and has the electrodes. The low frequencies stimulate the apical end and the high frequencies stimulate the basal end
What determines candidacy for a CI?
complete audiological evaluation, medical evaluation, speech and language evaluation, and psycho-educational evaluation (if needed)
What is the FDA age regulation for a CI?
Adults: no upper age limit
Children: less than or equal to 12 months old
What is the FDA onset of hearing loss regulation for a CI?
prelinguistic or postlinguistic
What is the FDA degree of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss regulation for a CI?
Adults: moderate to profound loss in the low frequencies and profound loss in mid to high
Greater than or equal to 2: severe to profound loss in the low frequencies and profound loss in mid to high frequencies
Less than 2 years old: profound loss across the audiogram
What is the FDA adult aided speech scores regulation for a CI?
Less than or equal to 50% aided sentence recognition in the ear to be implanted
Less than or equal to 60% aided in the contralateral ear or binaurally
What is the FDA pediatric speech performance regulation for a CI?
Aged 2 and up: less than or equal to 30% in the best aided condition
Under 2: lack of auditory progress with bilateral hearing aids after 3-6 months of aural habilitation
What is mapping?
It is a program in the speech processor that stimulates the electrodes in the individual’s cochlea. A map consists of threshold levels and comfort levels. Periodic adjustment of maps is necessary based on changing speech perception needs.
What is threshold levels for mapping?
lowest level of stimulation that will generate a response
What is comfort levels for mapping?
the highest level of stimulation that is comfortably loud
What should the thresholds fall between for mapping?
20-35dBHL (within the speech banana)
Neonatal hearing screening consists of…
OAR and ABR
How many thousand babies will be born with a hearing loss?
1-3 per thousand
How many NICU babies will have a hearing loss?
1 in 50
How many states have a newborn hearing screening?
47 states and District of Columbia
What is behavioral observation audiometry (BOA)?
It is a test that looks at the behavior response to sound such as eye blinking/widening, sucking change, or searching
What age group uses BOA?
children up to 4 months
What are the disadvantages of BOAs?
- performed in a sound field so you cannot examine both ears only the better ear
- cannot obtain threshold because attention and motivation is low with this population
What is visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA)?
When a child is condition to sound using something visually interesting (lightened toy). It is first present with both the sound and light together, but then only present when the child attends to the sound (reinforces the child’s behavior).
What age group uses VRA?
children 5 months up to 2 years
What is an advantage of VRA?
It can be done in sound-field or with headphones
What is play audiometry?
When a child is conditioned to sound by playing a game (put a block in the bucket). May need to do hand over hand training until the child gets it indepentently
What age group uses play audiometry?
2-5 years old
What is an advantage of play audiometry?
can be done in a sound-field or with headphones
