Audiology exam 2 Flashcards
screening test presentation level for school age children
20 dB HL at 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz
Adult screenings involve what two things
otoscopic exam and presentation level of 25 dB HL at 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz
How well a screening test rules in people who have a disorder
sensitivity
how well the test rules out people who do not have the disorder
specificity
correctly identifies presence of targeted disorder
true positive
incorrectly identifies presence of targeted disorder
false positive
incorrectly identifies absence of targeted disorder
false negative
correctly identifies absence of targeted disorder
true negative
effective screening should be reasonably ______, ________ to ______ and _____-______
safe, acceptable to society, and cost-effective
for effective screening, ______ should outweigh ______
benefits should outweigh harm
Effective screening should have ________ and ________ follow-up
adequate and appropriate
effective screening should have scientific evidence of __________ and _______
scientific evidence of effectiveness and benefit
consequences of hearing loss for infants and young children
speech/language delay, developmental delay, and educational and psychosocial issues
consequences of hearing loss for adults include negative effects on
socialization, healthcare outcomes, increased risk for dementia, and reduced wages
important case history questions for children
concerns with hearing, history of recurrent ear infection, did they pass NBHS, problems with pregnancy or birth, normal speech/language development, family history of hearing loss
important case history questions for adults
what are symptoms, history of ear surgery or ear trauma, medications (prescription, OTC), other health history, communication difficulties, family history of hearing loss
medical device used to look into ears
otoscope
Firmly grasp and gently pull ______ and ________ to straighten the ear canal
Firmly grasp and gently pull upwards and backwards to straighten the ear canal
The _______________ is the borderline between the outer and middle ear
tympanic membrane
The outer ear is made up of the
pinna and EAC (and outer layer of the tympanic membrane)
3 functions of the outer ear
protection, amplification, and localization
type of energy in the outer ear
acoustic energy
types of testing used for the outer ear
otoscopy and pure tone air conduction
Pure tone testing includes what two tests
air conduction and bone conduction
_______ conduction tests the entire system
air
______ conduction tests the inner ear and auditory nerve
bone conduction
Air conduction minus bone conduction equals
air bone gap (ABG)
sound presented to the TE is heard in the NTE
crossover
a psychoacoustic perception whereby a listener who is presented with a tone or word in both ears simultaneously will only perceive the louder of the two stimuli
stenger principle
the lowest level to which a person responds to a stimulus 50% of the time
threshold
halfway point between octaves
interoctave
test for interoctave if there is ____ dB or more difference between octaves
20
3 Frequency PTA involves finding the:
average threshold at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz
Degree of hearing loss: Normal for children
-10 – 15 dB HL
Degree of hearing loss: Normal for adults; slight for children
16-25 dB HL
Degree of hearing loss: Mild
26 to 40 dB HL
Degree of hearing loss: Moderate
41 to 55 dB HL
Degree of hearing loss: Moderately severe
56 to 70 dB HL
Degree of hearing loss: severe
71 to 90 dB HL
Degree of hearing loss: Profound
91+ dB HL
In bone conduction audiometry, a response to a signal that is perceived by tactile stimulation rather than auditory stimulation
vibrotactile response
Vibrotactile response: a signal perceived by ______ stimulation rather than ______ stimulation
tactile rather than auditory
type of transducer used in bone conduction
bone oscillator
threshold search starting intensity for air conduction in adults
30 dB HL
threshold search starting intensity for bone conduction in adults
10-15 dB HL above AC thresholds
If during a threshold search, there is no response to the first tone, the intensity level is increased by ________ until the patient responds
20 dB HL
if bone thresholds are __________________________, you only have to test one ear
within 10 dB HL of air thresholds
refers to the amount of hearing loss
degree
refers to the shape of hearing loss
configuration
refers to the part of the ear causing hearing loss
Type
Degree of hearing loss is determined based on
AC thresholds
The configuration of hearing loss is determined based on
AC thresholds
the type of hearing loss is determined based on
BC thresholds and ABG
small hole or cyst just in front of the pinna
preauricular pit or sinus
a preauricular pit is a _______ malformation
congenital
a small skin growth just in front of the ear
ear tag
a preauricular pit or an ear tag may be related to ______ _________
kidney abnormalities
an ear tag is a _______ malformation
congenital
abnormally small pinna
microtia
absence of pinna
anotia
absence of EAC
Atresia
narrow EAC
Stenosis
any object in the ear canal that shouldn’t be there
foreign body
bony growth in the ear canal due to exposure to cold water and wind
exostosis
exostosis is also known as
Surfer’s ear
cough reflex due to stimulation of the glossopharyngeal nerve
arnold’s reflex
drainage from the ear
otorrhea
a fealing of pressure in the ear
Aural fullness
ear pain
otalgia
present at birth
congenital
developed after birth in childhood or as an adult
acquired
sudden onset and short duration
acute
persistent over a long period
chronic
comes and goes or recurs often
intermittent
commons symptoms of ear disorders
hearing problems, aural fullness, otalgia, tinnitus, dizziness
Infants should have their NBHS by what age
1 month
