Audience Analysis and Listening

Question 1

Audience Analysis

Answer 1

examining and looking at your audience first by its demographic characteristics and then by their internal psychological traits

Question 2

Demographic Characteristics

Answer 2

the outward characteristics of the audience

Question 3

Stereotyping

Answer 3

generalizing about a group of people and assuming that because a few persons in that group have a characteristic, all of them do

Question 4

Psychographic Characteristics

Answer 4

the inner characteristics of the audience; beliefs, attitudes, needs, and values

Question 4

Totalizing

Answer 4

taking one characteristic of a group or person and making that the “totality” or sum total of what that person or group is

Question 5

Beliefs

Answer 5

Statements we hold to be true

Question 6

Stability

Answer 6

The longer we hold our beliefs, the more stable or entrenched they are

Question 7

Centrality

Answer 7

The beliefs are in the middle of our identity/self-concept

Question 8

Saliency

Answer 8

We think about these beliefs a great deal

Question 9

Strength

Answer 9

we have a great deal of intellectual or experiential support for the belief or we engage in activities that strengthen the beliefs.

Question 10

Attitude

Answer 10

a stable positive or negative response to a person, idea, object, or policy

Question 11

Needs

Answer 11

important deficiencies that we are motivated to fulfill

Question 12

Values

Answer 12

goals we strive for and what we consider important and desirable

Question 13

Listening

Answer 13

an active process where you are specifically making an effort to understand, process, and retain information

Question 14

Hearing

Answer 14

the physical process in which sound waves hit the eardrums and send a message to the brain

Question 15

Comprehensive Listening

Answer 15

listening focused on understanding and remembering important information from a public speaking message

Question 16

Empathetic Listening

Answer 16

listening for understanding the feelings and motivations of another person, usually with the goal of helping the person deal with a personal problem

Question 17

Appreciative Listening

Answer 17

type of informed listening needed to listen to and interpret music, theatre, or literature

Question 18

Critical Listening

Answer 18

listening to evaluate the validity of the arguments and information and deciding whether the speaker is persuasive and whether the message should be accepted

Question 19

Planned Redundancy

Answer 19

the use of a clear central idea statement, preview of the main points, connective statements, and overall summary in the conclusion to reinforce the main ideas or points of a speech; the deliberate repeating of structural aspects of speech

Question 20

Confirmation Bias

Answer 20

a tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one’s preconceptions