AUD 1 - Audit Reports Flashcards
What is the purpose of an audit?
To provide f/s users with an opinion on whether the f/s are presented fairly in all material respects in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework
The audit function adds _______ to the financial statements.
Credibility
What is management responsible for?
Financial statements AND
Internal controls
What is the auditor’s ultimate responsibility?
Attest function
What is defined as a high, but not absolute level of assurance?
Reasonable assurance
What at the inherent limitations of an audit?
1) Nature of financial reporting involves lots of judgement
2) Nature of audit procedures may not catch fraud or errors
3) Timeliness of financial reporting and the balance between the cost and benefit
What does GAAS stand for?
Generally Accepted Auditing Standards
What does GAGAS stand for?
Generally Accepted Government Auditing Standards
What does PCAOB stand for?
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
Issuers consist of what type of companies?
Primarily public companies
If you are an issuer, do you have to comply with the PCAOB?
YES
Public accounting firms must register with whom in order to audit a public company?
PCAOB
What are the overall objectives of the auditor?
To obtain reasonable assurance
To report on the f/s
What are five general requirements related to the conduct of an audit?
1) Professional skepticism
2) Independence in fact and appearance
3) Professional judgement
4) Sufficient appropriate audit evidence and audit risk
5) Compliance with GAAS
What are the three conditions of the fraud triangle?
POR
Pressure
Opportunity
Rationalization
An auditor should be independent in both _____ and _______.
Fact AND
Appearance
True or false.
The auditor should exercise professional judgment in planning and performing an audit.
True
Albert violated GAAP but it was essential in order to fairly present. Is this acceptable?
YES
Does weak internal control equal an adverse opinion?
NO
A clean opinion = ?
Unmodified audit opinon
In an unmodified audit opinion, what paragraph follows the addressee?
Introductory paragraph
In an unmodified audit opinion, what paragraph follows the intro paragraph?
Management’s responsibility for the financial statements
What is management responsible for?
MR DIM
Management responsible for
Preparation and fair presentation of financial statements
Design, implementation, maintenance of IC
What is the auditor responsible for?
REPPORTS CRAME
Responsibility Express an opinion Plan Performing procedures Obtain audit evidence Risks of material misstatement of the f/s Test internal controls Statements
Control Reasonableness Accounting estimates Management Evaluating overall presentation of f/s
For the audits of issuers, the PCAOB AS No. 1 requires the auditor’s report to include a reference to the standards of the PCAOB (US). What does this reference explicitly say?
“We conducted our audits in accordance w/ the standards of the PCAOB (US).”
Which paragraph of the auditor’s report would you find GAAS?
Auditor’s responsibility paragraph
Which paragraphs of the auditor’s report would you find GAAP?
Management responsibility paragraph
Opinion paragraph
What is the big difference between the auditor’s report under US GAAS and the ISAs? Namely, what is the big requirement in the ISAs and not in US GAAS?
ISAs: “prep and fair presentation of the f/s” OR “prep of the f/s that give a true and fair view”
US GAAS: does not include any references to “true and fair view”
References to the component auditor should not be made unless what two requirements are met?
1) Component auditor has performed an audit in accordance w/ the relevant requirements of GAAS, or when required, the PCAOB
2) The component auditor’s report is not restricted use
When the group engagement partner decides to assume responsibility for the work of the component auditor, should any reference to the component auditor be made?
NO
A component that is significant due to individual financial significance should be audited by whom?
Group engagement team OR
Component auditor
The group engagement team should perform what type of procedures for components that are not significant components?
Analytical procedures
Management believes and the auditor is satisfied that a material loss probably will occur when pending litigation is resolved. Management is unable to make a reasonable estimate of the amount or range of the potential loss, but discloses the situation in the notes to the financial statements. If management does not make an accrual in the financial statements, what type of opinion should the auditor express?
Unmodified opinion
What type of opinion should be used for a material but not pervasive GAAP problem?
Qualified opinion
What type of opinion should be used for a material and pervasive GAAP problem?
Adverse opinion
What type of opinion should be used for a material and pervasive GAAS problem?
Disclaimer of opinion
What type of opinion should be used for a material but not pervasive GAAS issue?
Qualified opinion
A significant going concern uncertainty would result in what type of opinion?
Disclaimer of opinion
The auditor should examine the evidence obtained from what procedures in evaluating going concern?
ADMITS
Analytical procedures Debt compliance Minutes Inquiry of client's legal counsel Third parties Subsequent events review
Based on the going concern procedures performed, the auditor may identify what conditions and events that may be indicative of substantial doubt of going concern?
FINE
Financial difficulties
Internal matters
Negative trends
External matters
Is the auditor precluded from choosing to disclaim an opinion due to going concern uncertainty?
NO
EXPLANATION: The decision b/w an unmodified opinion with an emphasis of matter paragraph and a disclaimer of opinion is based on the auditor’s judgment.
If, in the auditor’s judgment, the entity’s going concern disclosures are inadequate, a departure from GAAP exists. This may result in what type of opinion?
Qualified OR
Adverse
Unless the auditor’s report explicitly states otherwise, the auditor’s report implies that the f/s are _______ between periods.
Comparable
Do accounting estimates or corrections of errors affect the consistency standard?
NO
EXPLANATION: They do not affect the auditor’s report (no emphasis of matter paragraph needed).
When the f/s contain a departure from US GAAP because, due to unusual circumstances, the statements would be otherwise misleading, the auditor should express what type of opinion?
Unmodified
The client would not let you look at a very material account. They wouldn’t let you audit it. Can you issue an adverse opinion?
NO
EXPLANATION: This is a GAAS limitation (qualified or disclaimer) not a GAAP limitation.
What does ISAs require the auditor to do when the auditor is unable to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence due to a management-imposed scope limitation and the auditor concludes that the possible effects of any undetected misstatements could be both material and pervasive?
Withdraw from the audit
EXPLANATION: US GAAS requires that the auditor “consider” withdrawal from the engagement under these circumstances.
What changes in the intro paragraph for a disclaimer of opinion?
“We were engaged to audit…”
If there is a material misstatement related to the uncertainty, what type of opinion would you issue?
Qualified or adverse
EXPLANATION: This is a GAAP problem.