AuCoin 6: +/- strand viruses and retroviruses Flashcards
What is one virus that is a non-enveloped double stranded RNA virus?
rotavirus - reovirus
How is rotavirus transmitted? What does it cause?
fecal-oral route; gastroenteritis; most common cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children
**replicates in the small intestine mucosal cells
What are the symptoms of rotavirus infection?
watery, non-bloody DIARRHEA nausea vomiting low grade fever common in children
What is needed in cases of rotavirus to replace fluids and electrolytes?
oral rehydration therapy
What vaccines are available for rotavirus?
rotarix
rota teq
The dsRNA of rotavirus has both a + strand and a - strand. Which strand is used to produce viral proteins?
the + strand is already mRNA; the - strand of the genomic dsRNA is copied into mRNA by a RNA dependent RNA polymerase and this is what produces viral proteins
This is a retrovirus associated with adult T-cell leukemia
Human T-lymphocyte virus
How is human T-lymphocyte virus spread throughout the body? How is it transferred to others?
spread via infected lymphocytes; transferred via T cells in semen, blood, breast milk
How does human T-lymphocyte virus present?
long incubation period (20-50yrs!) increased skin rashes/lesions increased leukemia cells (lymphocytosis) hepatosplenomegaly hypercalcemia elevated LDH
HIV is a retrovirus. What does it bind to?
gp120 binds CD4 receptors on T cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells
How is HIV transmitted?
sexual contact
blood
IV drug use
How does HIV present?
acute phase: flu-like symptoms followed by latent period with weight loss, night sweats, fatigue, lymphadenopathy (big nodes)
About how long does it take for HIV to progress to AIDS?
10 years
How is AIDS defined?
CD4+ T cell count of 200 cells/ml
**normal is 800-1200cells/ml
How do you diagnose AIDS?
serology
RT PCR to see how MUCH of the virus is present
