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Pediatrics- Exam 1 > Atypical Motor Development > Flashcards

Atypical Motor Development Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of developmental delay

A

Prematurity
Medical problems like chronic ear infections
Metabolic disorders
Exposure to toxins
Trauma
Stroke
Brain injury
Respiratory distress
Genetic conditions
Abuse/neglect

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2
Q

What is the leading cause of neurodevelopment disabilities in children

A

Prematurity

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3
Q

A baby born before 37 weeks of pregnancy is considered premature
- Less than 28 weeks

A

Extremely preterm

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4
Q

A baby born before 37 weeks of pregnancy is considered premature
- 28-less than 32 weeks

A

Very preterm

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5
Q

A baby born before 37 weeks of pregnancy is considered premature
- 32-37 weeks

A

Moderate to late preterm

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6
Q

Prematurity Characteristics

A

Low birth weight
Low muscle tone, floppy
Easily go into respiratory distress and sustain brain damage
Fragile cardiopulmonary and nervous systems
Lack of body fat

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7
Q

Lack of body fat can leave the preemie susceptible to?

A

Hypothermia

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8
Q

Preemies have difficulties with what?

A

Feeding, bc suck/swallow reflex does not develop until 32 weeks of gestation

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9
Q

What does atypical development look like?

A

Delayed or absent milestones
Altered tone
Atypical motor behavior
Postural asymmetry
Limited engagement in play
Limited social interactions

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10
Q

Delayed or absent milestones

A

Gross motor
Fine motor
Cognitive
Speech

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11
Q

How is developmental delayed assessed?

A

Subjective
Objective: developmental

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12
Q

How is developmental delay assessed?
- Subjective

A

Medical Dx
Birth Hx
PMH/Medications/System review
Developmental Hx
Social/living environment
WHY ARE YOU HERE
Previous management of presenting problem

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13
Q

How is developmental delay assessed?
- Objective: developmental
– observation

A

Posture
Transitional Mobility
Locomotion
Motor play skills

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14
Q

How is developmental delay assessed?
- Objective: developmental
– Handling

A

Reflex testing

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15
Q

How is developmental delay assessed?
- Objective: developmental
– Standardized assessments

A

Norm and criterion referenced

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16
Q

Standardized Developmental Testing

A

Norm-referenced
Criterion-references
Combo of the above can be used to predict future performance
Screening tests
Comprehensive developmental testing

17
Q

Standardized Developmental Testing
- Norm-referenced

A

Identifies children exhibiting delays in a specific skill-set as compared to age-matched peers
Score is usually expressed as percentile rank or z-score

18
Q

Standardized Developmental Testing
- Criterion-references

A

Establishing a baseline or comparing the child’s performance to their own across time
Score usually expressed as a percent or raw/scaled score
Measure need to be responsive to change

19
Q

Standardized Developmental Testing
- Combo of the above can be used to predict future performance, which helps with….

A

Anticipating child and family needs
Clinical decision-making regarding placement, interventions, prescription of orthotics and adaptive equipment, and env’t adaptations

20
Q

Standardized Developmental Testing
- Screening tests

A

Identify children at risk for developmental delay
Brief assessments, often precede detailed developmental testing

21
Q

Standardized Developmental Testing
- Screening tests
–> Examples

A

Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS)

22
Q

Standardized Developmental Testing
- Comprehensive Developmental Testing

A

Establish baseline
Determine eligibility for services

23
Q

Standardized Developmental Testing
- Comprehensive developmental testing
–> Examples

A

Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-II (PDMS-II)

24
Q

Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS)

A

Observational scale used for assessing gross motor skills in infants from 0-18 months of corrected age
Assesses sequential development in supine, prone, sitting, and standing

25
Q

Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS)
- Purpose

A

Identify infants whose motor performance is delayed or aberrant relative to a normative group
Provide information to the clinician and parent about the motor activities the infant has mastered, those currently developing, and those not in the infants repertoire

26
Q

Cutoff for Developmental delay
- 4 months

A

10th centile

27
Q

Cutoff for Developmental delay
- 8 months

A

5th centile

Pediatrics- Exam 1 (10 decks)

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