Atypical Language Development Flashcards
What is childhood aphasia?
A language impairment caused by damage to the parts of the brain that control language - can make children less fluent in their speech and have difficulty naming object
How is childhood aphasia acquired?
By a stroke, brain trauma, tumours, infections etc.
When is childhood aphasia typically diagnosed?
After the age of 2
What are two types of developmental atypical language?
Developmental language disorder and ASD
What is DLD?
A language disorder caused by a developmental delay but no obvious cause
What is the criteria of DLD?
Language deficit, no hearing loss, no intellectual disability, no neurodegenerative conditions, no brain injury, education difficulties, social behvaioural problems and an increased risk of mental health issues
When is DLD typically diagnosed?
Around 3
What are the diagnostic tests used to test language development?
Picture, oral, grammatical vocab, sentences imitations and grammatical completion
What is picture completion?
Point to the part of the picture that is missing
What is Block design?
Child is shown a pattern and must recreate it with their own blocks
What did Norbury find in relation to DLD?
That 7.58% of 4 to 6 year olds in the UK have DLD
Which gender is most likely to have DLD?
Boys
What are the problems with diagnosing DLD?
Not enough resources to test each child and not enough speech therapists and teachers. Also, low income children are often not referred to a speech therapist
What are the psycholinguistic markers for DLD?
Performed poorly on sentence repetition, non-word repetition, third person singular and past tense task
What are the characteristics of DLD?
Smaller verb inventory, slow in comprehending and producing new words and deficits in different language areas including morphosyntax, word learning and phonology.
What domain of language areas is most challenging for children with DLD?
Morphosyntax
What should children learn how to mark verbs for?
Agreement and tense
What was the hypotheses of Sawyer et al?
Expected that children would make more errors on subject verb sequences and verbs that were heard more often in the bare form
Expected that the effects would be greater for children with DLD
What was the formula of Pine et al experiment?
Select child and input corpora -> extract and identify verb marking errors -> calculate input measures -> analyse
What was the findings for children with DLD on the corpora study?
Neither bare from subject verb sequences nor bare form verbs predicted verb marking errors.
Summary of DLD
DLD is a developmental disorder that has no obvious cause.
Language characteristics include deficits in word learning, morphosyntax
and non-word/sentence repetition (but children with DLD do not always
present the same problems).
Approximately 7% of children have DLD but it is hard to identify due to
lack of resources and no gold standard of diagnosing.
Children with DLD’s language often does not recover to
normal levels.
What is the prognosis of children with DLD?
Their language often does not recover to normal levels and predictors of outcome vary with a child’s age
