attitudes and attitude change Flashcards
what is an attitude?
lasting organisation of beliefs/feelings/behavioural tendencies towards socially significant objects/events/symbols
what does the Three Component Model of attitudes consist of?
affective
cognitive
behavioural
what is affective in the Three Component Model?
expression of feelings towards an attitude object
what is cognitive in the Three Component Model?
expression of beliefs about an attitude object
what is behavioural in the Three Component Model?
overt actions/verbal statements concerning behaviour
which dimensions can attitudes hold?
simple or complex
who proposed the function of attitudes?
Katz
what are the functions of attitudes?
knowledge function
utilitarian function
ego-defensive
value expressive
what is the knowledge function?
organise and predict the social world, provides meaning and coherence
what is the utilitarian function?
help people achieve positive outcomes and avoid negative outcomes
what is the ego defensive function?
protecting your self esteem from a harmful world
what is the value expressive function?
facilitate own core values and self concept
which four theories suggest where attitudes come from?
mere exposure effect
classical conditioning
instrumental conditioning
self perception theory
who proposed the mere exposure effect?
Zajonc
what is the Mere Exposure effect?
repeated exposure of a stimulus enhances preference for a stimulus
what is classical conditioning?
attitudes learnt from others- repeated association means an object goes from being a neutral stimulus to providing a response
what is instrumental conditioning?
attitudes learnt from others: behaviour followed by positive consequences is more likely to be repeated, and this attitude is likely to survive