Attitudes Flashcards
1
Q
Define attitudes
A
- Organisation of beliefs, feelings and behavioural tendencies towards an object/person, expected to be consistent
2
Q
Describe Katz’s various attitudes (1960)
A
- Knowledge
- Instrumentality (means to an end/goal)
- Ego defence (protecting self-esteem)
- Value expressiveness (displaying personal values)
3
Q
Describe ABC model of attitudes
A
Affective - feelings and emotions (e.g. I am scared of big dogs)
Behavioural - actions/intentions (e.g. If I see a big dog I will run away)
Cognitive - thoughts, beliefs (e.g. Big dogs are dangerous)
4
Q
Why do we need attitudes
A
- Simplifies processing info
- Helps us understand the world
5
Q
What functions do attitudes fulfil
A
- Value-expressive Function: enables us to express who we are and what we believe in
- Ego-defensive Function: enables us to protect ourselves from psychologically damaging info, involves distorting info to preserve preferred view of ourselves
- Knowledge Function: enables us to know the world, simplifies complex objects and situations
6
Q
Describe Martin and Havelson (1983)
A
- Children shown images that either fitted or went against gender stereotypes
- Later asked to describe the images they were shown
- Gender consistent images were remembered more accurately
7
Q
Describe La Pierre (1934)
A
- Took part in road trip around US with Chinese friends
- Worried about discrimination as Americans were very racist at the time
- Later wrote to the 66 hotels/r and 184 restaurants they visited asking if Chinese people would be accepted
- Despite being only turned away once, 92% replied saying no, 7% replied saying maybe and 1% replied saying yes
8
Q
Describe theory of planned behaviour
A
- Created by Azjen, 1984
- Attitudes = ‘Binge drinking makes more more sociable
- Subjective norms = ‘My friends don’t like it when I don’t binge drink
- Perceived behavioural control = ‘Drinks are always available when I’m out with friends’
