Attention Theories and Occasion Setting - Week 3 Flashcards
Latent Inhibition
If A=No food for 15 trials, but then A=Food for 15 trials the animal will associate it slower compared to B, as B always =Food
Selective Attention Theory (Makintosh)
- Inverse Law of Selective Attention
- Attention allocation rules
Inverse Laws of selective attention
-Limited attentional resources: If 1 stimulus receives lots of attention, the following stimulus will receive less
Attention Allocation Rules
If 1 stimulus is attended to and rewarded, it is more likely to be attended to again. Vice versa
What model explains Latent Inhibition
Selective Attention Theory (Makintosh)
Pearce-Hall Attentional Model
A=Little Food in pretrain, A=Lots of food will result in slower learning compared to if A=Lots of food straight away without any pretrain
- 2 Stages:Pay attention, then update associations
- Attention is proportional to surprise
- stimuli followed by unpredictable outcomes receive more attention
Hierarchical Associations
Learnt when CS’ are presented serially rather than simultaneously
Simultaneous Feature Positive Discrimination
A=No food, AB=Food. B becomes the excitatory association
Serial Feature Positive Discrimination
A=No food, B=A=Food. B becomes the occasion setter
Simultaneous Feature Negative Discrimination
A=Food, AB=No food. B acts as the inhibitor
Serial Feature Negative Discrimination
A=Food, B=A=No food. B acts as a negative occasion setter
Why do serial procedures generate occasion setters?
Lack of contiguity
Ross and Holland
Discovered that animals respond to different stimuli in different ways.
Lights cause rats to rear, while tones cause headjerking
Retardation always follows a
Summation Test
