Attention controlled

Question 1

Attention

Answer 1

allocates mental resources
scarce resource that needs to be learned effectively
ability to focus on specific stimuli or locations

Question 2

What kills attention?

Answer 2

technology

Question 3

Times Square demo

Answer 3

25-30 ads portrayed but you actually don’t remember any or only 2-3

Question 4

Visual search paradigm

Answer 4

actively looking for a specific target among a visual scene which has other distractors
eg; find the blue ‘L’ amongst red ‘L’
eg; find blue ‘L’ amonst different letters of both color blue and red

Question 5

Results of visual search paradigm

Answer 5

Controlled attention (multiple features) had a longer reaction time than automatic attention (one feature)

Question 6

Controlled attention

Answer 6

where you choose to put your attention

Question 7

Automatic attention

Answer 7

anything different by 1 feature

Question 8

System 1

Answer 8

automatic processing

Question 9

System 1 features

Answer 9

automatic. constantly monitoring environment
forms quickly
not controlled. no danger

Question 10

System 2

Answer 10

controlled processing

Question 11

System 2 features

Answer 11

controlled.focuses our attention
slow. conducts complex computations
effortful. effortful mental activities
serial. proceeds in with an orderly set of steps

Question 12

Subtypes of controlled attention

Answer 12

1. selective/focused
2. divided

Question 13

Subtypes of automatic processing

Answer 13

1. orienting
2. preattentive

Question 14

Example of automatic processing

Answer 14

finding red umbrella amongst black umbrellas

Question 15

Example of controlled processing

Answer 15

finding the ‘and’ in a text

Question 16

Example of selective processing (controlled)

Answer 16

focus on how many basketball passes without seeing the gorilla

Question 17

how to test selective processing (controlled)

Answer 17

present 2 or more inputs and see how well people can concentrate on one and ignore other

Question 18

Example of divided attention (controlled)

Answer 18

control unit when flying

Question 19

how to test divided attention (controlled)

Answer 19

present 2 or more inputs and see how well people can concentrate on both

Question 20

what is selective attention (controlled)

Answer 20

focus on what’s relevant and ignore what is not

Question 21

what is divided attention (controlled)

Answer 21

focus on multiple things at once - multi tasking

Question 22

attentional capture

Answer 22

a rapid shifting of attention usually caused by a stimulus such as loud noise, bright light or sudden movement

Question 23

visual scanning

Answer 23

movements of the eye from one location to another

Question 24

Experiment by Chabris (selective)

Answer 24

Whether people can miss obvious events nearby due to selective attention - participants focused on counting a runner’s actions while a staged fight occurred nearby

Question 25

Why was Chabris’ experiment done?

Answer 25

prove whether police officer Conley was lying to protect his comrades by claiming he never saw any of the beating he ran by

Question 26

Inattentional blindness

Answer 26

failure to notice fully-visible but unexpected object because attention was engaged elsewhere

Question 27

Results of Chabris’ experiment

Answer 27

only 56% of participants noticed the fight

Question 28

Hallmark of inattentional blindness

Answer 28

increasing the effort required by primary task, decreases noticing unexpected events

Question 29

Results of Chabri’s experiment pt.2

Answer 29

0 count - 72% noticed fight
2 counts - 42% noticed fight

Question 30

Dichotic listening experiments

Answer 30

simultaneously play one thing in one ear and something different in the other

Question 31

Dichotic listening

Answer 31

receiving two different stimuli in the different ear

Question 32

Task in the dichotic listening experiments

Answer 32

1. focus attention on the words you hear in one ear (attended ear) and repeat them out loud
2. notice, without shifting your attention from attended ear, what you can take in from the unattended ear

Question 33

Shadowing

Answer 33

repeating what you are hearing

Question 34

Broadbent’s filter model of attention (early filter model)

Answer 34

how it is possible to focus on one message only and why information isn’t taken in from the other message

Question 35

Stages in Broadbent’s early filtering model

Answer 35

Sensory memory
Filter
Detector
Output