Attention

Question 1

Cortical Blindness

Answer 1

Blind in both eyes due to a bilateral lesion in V1. People can still avoid objects even though they cannot see them. This is cos they have no damage to their eyes and they still send signals just not to V1 and beyond

Question 2

Blindsight

Answer 2

Behaviour can still be guided by surroundings in patients with cortical blindess

Question 3

Multimodal Processing

Answer 3

The integration of information from different sense to form a coherent percept

Question 4

What may cause synthesia

Answer 4

A cross activation of one cortical area by another. It can arise at various stages along the visual pathway

Question 5

Arousal

Answer 5

A global physiological and psychological state of an organism. Ranges from deep sleep to hyper-alertness

Question 6

Selective Attention

Answer 6

Ability to prioritise and attend to some things and not others

Question 7

Goal Driven Control

Answer 7

Top-down control where attention is steered by someone’s current goals

Question 8

Stimulus driven control

Answer 8

Bottom up control where it is steered by stimul

Question 9

Dorsal Attention Network (Frontoparietal)

Answer 9

Involved in task-specific, goal directed control of attention

Question 10

Ventral Attention Network

Answer 10

Involved in stimulus driven attention, detection of salient targets and reorientation of attention

Strongly lateralised to the RIGHT HEMISPHERE

Question 11

Patients with damage to the superior colliculus ?

Answer 11

Have difficulty shifting their attention and are slow to respond to cued targets

Question 12

Patients with damage to the pulvinar of the thalamus

Answer 12

Have difficulty in attentional orienting

Question 13

Neglect can occur due to impairment where?

Answer 13

The ventral cortical network

Question 14

What are two parts of the ventral cortical network?

Answer 14

The Inferior Parietal Lobe (IPL)
Superior Temporal Gyrus (STG)

Question 15

When a patient has damage to the _____ they space based neglect

Answer 15

Inferior Parietal Lobe

Question 16

When a patient has damage to the ____ they object based neglect

Answer 16

Superior Temporal Gyrus

Question 17

Neglect

Answer 17

When the brain’s attention network is damaged in one hemisphere.

Vision is not impaired but they only pay attention to the side that is opposite of their unilateral brain damage

Question 18

Extinction

Answer 18

When a previously visible stimulus in one half of the visual field is not consciously reported whena. stimulus appears in the other half of the visual field

Question 19

Endogenous Attention

Answer 19

Voluntary Attention is our ability to attend ton something

Question 20

Exogenous Attention

Answer 20

Reflexive Attention is when a sensory event captures our attention (A survival mechanism)

Question 21

Covert Attention

Answer 21

When you covertly attend to a stimulus (Your eyes are on a book but you are listening to something behind you)

Question 22

Overt Attention

Answer 22

When you turn your head to a stimulus for example

Question 23

What did Helmholtz discover about attention

Answer 23

When you focused your eyes on a specific place on a screen you could covertly attend to any location on the screen

Question 24

Early Selection

Answer 24

The idea that a stimulus can be seen as irrelevant before perceptual analysis is done

Question 25

Late Selection

Answer 25

The perceptual system processes all inputs equally and THEN selection takes place at higher stages of processing

Question 26

Voluntary Spatial Attention

Answer 26

Responses to the same physical stimuli are larger when they are focuses in than when they are ignored.

This difference is called the P1 wave.

There is a difference in V1 and V2 neurons with cell activation even when the stimulus is the same as there is a shift in attention not the stimulus

Question 27

Reflexive (Exogenous) cuing method

Answer 27

Tests how task irrelevant events somewhere in the visual field affects the speed of responses to task-relevant target stimuli.