Attention

Question 1

Attention

Answer 1

refers to our conscious ability to attend information that is relevant to our goals

Question 2

Automatic processes

Answer 2

When external events involuntary ‘‘capture’’ one’s attention

Question 3

Controlled processes

Answer 3

When we voluntary guide our attention to an object of interest

Question 4

Tor False: Conscious effortful task can become automatic thorough practice

Answer 4

true

Ex: riding a bike

Question 5

The spotlight model

Answer 5

Attentional spotlight focuses on part of the environment at a time. Object within the spotlight have faster reaction time and faster accuracy

Question 6

The cuing paradigm test

Answer 6

Consists on participants that tend to respond more quickly when the box that flashes has the star than when the star appears in a box that doesn’t flash. (spotlight shifts)

Question 7

What are the differences bt spotlight and filters

Answer 7

Spotlight enhances the stimulus, whereas filters supress the noise.
Spotlight: more visual attention
Filter model: auditory attention

Question 8

Filter Model

Answer 8

attention works by filtering distractions and allowing only important information through for further processing

Question 9

Broadbent’s single filter model

Answer 9

A model of attention in which a filter selects important information based on physical characteristics and allows only that information to go for further processing

Question 10

Triesman’s Dual Filter Model

Answer 10

There are two filters in this model. The first is a physical filter that filters based on physical cues like pitch or intensity. The second is a semantic filter that considers deeper meaning when choosing what stimulus to attend to.

Question 11

Example of breakthrough

Answer 11

At a party, must filter all but my own conversation with friend. However, if someone says my name, this information will breakthrough and capture my attention

Question 12

Stroop task

Answer 12

participants are shown a word on the screen and are supposed to say the color it is presented in. The word is a color too. Results faster in congruent (words match color) to incongruent (word does not match color) words

Question 13

The Stroop effect occurs when __________

Answer 13

subjects mistakenly read the word presented to them, rather than its colour. Is in a test there are more congruent, there will be an increase in Stroop effect

Question 14

Set size

Answer 14

Number of distractors increases, visual search tasks become more difficult.

Question 15

Pop-out Effect

Answer 15

When the object of a visual task search is easily found, regardless of set size. This occurs when there is a specific feature in the target that highly contrasts the features in the rest of the set.
Ex: color is brighter than the others

Question 16

Conjunction search

Answer 16

visual search for a target that is distinguished from distracters based on multiple features like shape, size or colour
Ex: finding green t in between red ‘‘I’’ and ‘’T’’ and green ‘’l’

Question 17

Contextual Cueing

Answer 17

In a visual search, the expected position of or identifying information about a target is known, which helps search more efficiency and and find a target more quickly.

Question 18

feature search

Answer 18

A visual search for a target that is distinguished from the distracters on the basis of one feature, like shape, colour, size.

Question 19

Breakthrough

Answer 19

When relevant information from an u unattended information is heard, such as someone calling your name at a party.