Attachment: Bowlby’s Theory Of Maternal Deprivation 2024 - 2025 Flashcards
What are two types of psychological consequences, according to Bowlby?
Intellectual and emotional
What is meant by separation?
Child not being in the presence of the primary caregiver
A “child not being in the presence of the primary caregiver” is an example of …
Seperation
What is meant by deprivation?
Where an element of care from the mother is lost through extended separation
If an element of mothers care is lost through extended separation, this is an example of …
Deprivation
How long is the critical period?
2.5 years
According to Bowlby, what is the first 2.5 years of an infants life called?
The critical period
What kind of damage can occur during the critical period if an element of care is lost?
Psychological damage
What can cause psychological damage to an infant during the critical period?
Extended separation from the mother where an element of care is lost
The psychological damage that can be caused from extended separation can be described as …
Inevitable and irreversible
What type of damage - according to Bowly, is inevitable and irreversible as a result of extended seperation?
Psychological
What are two types of psychological damage, according to Bowlby?
Intellectual and emotional
What are 3 examples of intellectual damage?
Cognitive impairment, intellectual delay, and low IQ
What is an example of emotional damage which can occur from extended separation?
Affectionless psychopathy
Bowlby used what research method in his 44 juvenile thieves study?
Interviews
Bowlby used what type of sample for his 44 juvenile thieves study?
Opportunity
Bowlby interviewed 44 juvenile thieves to investigate whether they showed signs of ….
Affectionless psychopathy
What type of emotional damage was Bowlby interested in whether the 44 juvenile thieves displayed?
Affectionless psychopathy
What characteristics would someone suffering from “affectionless psychopathy” show?
Lack of guilt / no remorse / difficulty developing normal relationships
Who did Bowlby interview in his study of 44 juvenile thieves?
The juvenile thieves and their parents
Bowlby interviewed the 44 juvenile thieves to assess their level of…
Affectionless psychopathy
Bowlby interviewed the parents of the 44 juvenile thieves to see whether …
There had been extended periods of seperation
What did Bowlby find during his study of 44 juvenile thieves which supports his theory of maternal deprivation?
Those with affectionless psychopathy had experienced long periods of affectionless psychopathy
AO3: What are two issues with the research method Bowlby used in his study of 44 juvenile thieves?
It relies on retrospective data
Parents may have lied in their answers due to social desirability
AO3: How does retrospective data affect the validity of Bowlby’s 44 juvenile theives?
It lowers the internal validity
AO3: Why may the internal validity of Bowlby’s 44 juvenile thieves study be low?
Due to the data being retrospective and socially desirable
Alongside the psychological damage, what will these children fail to develop?
positive internal working model
How might these children suffering from maternal deprivation fail to develop a positive IWM?
They will no be able to form relationships during childhood, adolescence and adulthood
How may the findings from Bowlby’s maternal deprivation theory be applied to hospitals?
The potential negative consequences of separation from a caregiver in early life has led to changes in society, such as hospitals changing visiting hours and letting parents stay overnight with their infants
By identifying the potential negative consequences of separation from a caregiver in early life which has led to changes in society, such as hospitals changing visiting hours and letting parents stay overnight with their infants will reduce …
The intellectual and emotional issues such as affectionless psychopathy
Who recreated the 44 juvenile thieves study?
Lewis (1954)
How did Lewis (1954) recreate the 44 thieves study?
She looked at 500 young people and in her sample a history of early prolonged separation from the mother did not predict criminality or difficulty forming close relationships.
What was Lewis’s (1954) sample?
500 young people
How did Lewis’s sample contradict Bowlby’s theory of maternal deprivation?
In her sample a history of early prolonged separation from the mother did not predict criminality or difficulty forming close relationships
