Attachment AO3

Question 1

Influence on later relationships

Answer 1

-Confounding variables - parenting style and personality affect attachment
-Validity issues - adulthood attachment assessed with questionnaires (social desirability bias)
+ Research support - Fewaran + Roisman concluded infant attachment influenced development

Question 2

Institutionalisation

Answer 2

+Real world app - kids homes avoid large number of caregivers
-Only have data until early 20s so some kids may have caught up

Question 3

Maternal deprivation

Answer 3

-Bias - Bowlby made assessment himself knowing what aim to find
-Conflicting evidence - replication didn’t find some findings as Bowlby
CP - Gao found little between poor maternal care and adult psychopathy

Question 4

Strange situations

Answer 4

+Good predicitive validity - secure = greater school success (McCormick et al)
-Culture bound - Japanese babies show anxiety as has left by caregiver often
+ Good inter rater reliability - Bick found 94% agreement, uses controlled conditions

Question 5

Monotropic theory

Answer 5

-Lacks validity (not unique to 1 person) - other family members form attachment with same qualities
+Support internal working model - Bailey, mothers had poor attachment with kid if had own with parent
-Genetically influenced personality plays role in social behavioural development

Question 6

Learning theory

Answer 6

+Conditioning has a role - choice of attachment with provider of warmth and comfort
-Counter evidence - imprinting to 1st moving object monkey chose comfort (more important factors), Isabella found interactional synchrony important for attcahment

Question 7

Harlow and Lorenz

Answer 7

Lorenz;
+Research support - chicks follow moving shape, innate mechanism to imprint
-Generalising from monkey’s - mammalian mothers have stronger attachment

Harlow;
+Real world value - social worker knows risk factors for child abuse
-Ethical issue - causing distress

Question 8

Role of father

Answer 8

+Parenting advice - encourages stay at home dads
-Bias - stereotypes = inaccurate observations

-Conflicting evidence - Grossman found dads have distinctive role, McCallum found without dad don’t develop different
CP - not conflicting as may just adapt to not having one

Question 9

Stages of attachement

Answer 9

-Poor evidence asocial - falsely asocial babies reported
+Real world app (daycare decisions) - asocial and indiscriminate are comfort by any skilled daycare

+External validity (social desirability bias) observed by parents so baby not anxious

Question 10

Caregiver interactions

Answer 10

+Filmed observations - see fine details, valid + reliable

-Hard observing babies - knowing meaning
-Hard knowing developmental importance - Felaman says describes synchronised behaviour not purpose