Attachment 2 Explanations: Flashcards
What are the two theories that explain attachment?
Learning theory (behaviourist approach) Bowlby's theory (reflects an evolutionary approach)
Learning theory: name the two types of conditioning:
Classical conditioning.
Operant conditioning.
Classical conditioning:
Occurs when we associate a reflex response with an alternative stimulus. Responsible for the acquisition of many of behaviours.
Operant Conditioning: Positive:
Reward/positive-removes hunger. increases occurrence of behaviour.
Operant Conditioning: Negative:
Punishment/negative-decreases behaviour occurrence.
Operant conditioning:
The conditioning of behaviour through consequences.
Classical conditioning: Explain how it works using the word equation?
UCS=UCR
NS+UCS+UCR
CS=CR
Bolwby’s monotropy theory of attachment: describe what it emphasised:
- Attachment innate or instinctive.
- Monotropic (one primary carer)
- Attachment in early life effects later relationships.
- Importance of timing of attachment formation: critical or sensitive period.
Bowlby’s monotropy theory: Describe why it is innate:
Born with tendency to display certain behaviours that ensure proximity and contact.
Bowlby’s monotropy theory: Examples of Innate behaviour:
- Smiling
- Crying
Bowlby’s monotropy theory: Why is attachment adaptive?
Adaptive because it is needed for survival.