ATP & Photosynthesis Flashcards
When a phosphate is removed from ATP, energy is
released
When a phosphate is added to ADP, energy is ___ for cellular energy
stored
ATP has ____ phosphates
three
ADP has ___ phosphates
two
What are the buildings blocks of ATP in order?
Adenine
Ribose
Phosphate Group
What is the role of pigments?
Pigments in plants absorb light energy from the sun, which is used in photosynthesis to produce glucose and oxygen.
What energy molecules enter the Calvin cycle that were made in the light dependent reactions?
ATP & NADPH
What gas is required in the Calvin
chloroplast
Cycle?
Carbon Dioxide
What sugar is made in the calvin cycle?
Glucose
What is another name for the Calvin
Cycle?
Light independent reactions
Equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O + Sunlight/Light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2.
Light Dependent Reactions - location in chloroplast
thylakoid
Light Dependent Reactions - reactants (inputs)
Water and sun light/light energy
Light Dependent Reactions - products (outputs)
Oxygen, ATP, NADPH
Light Independent Reactions - location in chloroplast
stroma
Light Independent Reactions - reactants (inputs)
Carbon Dioxide, ATP, NADPH
Light Independent Reactions - products (outputs)
Glucose (C6H12O6), ADP, NADP+
If you can see the color it is____
reflected
If you cannot see the color it is____
absorbed
the pigment that absorbs light energy is____and turns it into ATP
chlorophyll
carbon dioxide and oxygen come in through the____
stomata
Where is chlorophyll?
In the thylakoid
Where does the “H” in NADPH come from?
H20 (water)
What is the chloroplast?
organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis take place
Where are the thylakoid and stroma?
In the chloroplast
What does NADPH do?
Hydrogen carrier
Carries hydrogen from light dependent to light independent reaction to make glucose
Factors that can affect photosynthesis
- Availability of sunlight – more sunlight = faster photosynthesis
- Availability of water – more water = faster photosynthesis
- Availability of carbon dioxide – more CO2 = faster photosynthesis
Let There Be Light Lab
- Blue and red wavelengths of light are absorbed and used by the plant during photosynthesis to make food and grow
- Green wavelength of light is reflected; this is why plants appear green in color
Water (H20)
- Sunlight is used to split the water molecule - photolysis
- Produces oxygen
- provides hydrogen needed to make glucose
Autotrophs
- Use energy from sunlight to make their own food (photosynthesis)
- Examples: plants, algae
ATP
- Adenosine ___phosphate
- Two high energy bonds - lots of stored cellular energy
ADP
- Adenosine ___phosphate
- One high energy bond - little amount of stored cellular energy
ATP is
the basic energy source used by all types of cells.
When cells need ATP, they will
transform ADP into ATP by using energy from foods like glucose.
Is sunlight required in the Calvin Cycle?
No.
Stomata
- Pores in a leaf, mostly on the undersurface.
- Each pore is surrounded by a pair of guard cells.
ROY G. BIV
(short wavelengths → long wavelengths)
Producers capture the sun’s energy and convert it into food (_______).
photosynthesis
We eat producers and receive energy stored within them (______).
cellular respiration
How does ATP turn into ADP?
When one phosphate group is removed by breaking a bond in a process, energy is released, and ATP is converted to ADP.
Guard Cells
Can change shape to open or close the stomata
Thylakoids are arranged in stacks called ______.
granum
The fluid portion of the chloroplast is called the ____.
stroma
Heterotrophs
- Consume other organism for food and energy
- Examples: animals, humans
