Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio ch. 1 > ATP and cell transport > Flashcards

ATP and cell transport Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what does ATP stand for

A

adenosine triphosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how many building blocks of ATP are there

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the building blocks of ATP and how many of them are there

A

1 ribose, 1 adenine, 3 phosphates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the function of atp

A

to provide cell energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the bond called between the second and third phosphate on atp

A

high energy bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is an anabolic reaction

A

using energy to build up substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does the cell use anabolic reactions for

A

cell activities, growth maintenance, and repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is a catabolic reaction

A

the breakdown of substances to release energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is an example of a catabolic reaction

A

cellular respiration and digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

is energy released or stored when ATP is converted to ADP

A

released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

is energy released or stored when ADP is converted to ATP

A

stored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the fluid in the fluid mosaic model

A

the phospholipids that move

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the mosaic in the fluid mosaic model

A

the combo of protiens, lipids, and carbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does hydrophilic mean

A

water loving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does hydrophobic mean

A

fear of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which part of the phospholipid is hydrophilic

A

phosphate head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

which part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic

A

fatty acid tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

do heads of the bilayer face inside or outside of the cell

A

outside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

do the tails of the bilayer face inside or outside of the cell

A

inside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

why is it important for the cell membrane to be semipermeable

A

to keep the good things in and the bad things out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

which way do particles move during passive transport

A

high to low concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

does passive transport require the use of atp

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the concentration gradient

A

the temporary difference in the amount of particles in a substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the temporary difference in the amount of particles in a substance

A

concentration gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what does it mean when particles have reached the equilibrium

A

equal amounts of particles are on both sides of the cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what are the two main types of passive transport

A

osmosis and diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is simple diffusion

A

movement of particles from high to low concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

true or false: simple diffusion only occurs in living things

A

false

29
Q

does simple diffusion occur in animal or plant cells

A

both

30
Q

ex of simple diffusion

A

food coloring in water and perfume

31
Q

facilitated diffusion

A

high to low concentration with protiens

32
Q

true or false: facilitated diffusion only occurs in living things

A

true

33
Q

what is the function of a carrier protien

A

it help carry large molecules across the membrane

34
Q

how does a carrier protien work

A

it interacts with a molecule, protien changes shape around the molecule, and it is released

35
Q

what is an example of a molecule that uses a carrier protien

A

glucose

36
Q

what is the function of a channel protien

A

it allows a molecule or ion to freely cross the membrane

37
Q

how does a channel protien work

A

it can be gated or open

38
Q

ex of a molecule that needs a channel protien

A

Na, Cl, Ca

39
Q

what are the four factors that influence the rate of diffusion

A

temp, pressure, molecule size, electrical currents

40
Q

osmosis

A

the movement of water from high to low concentration

41
Q

why is osmosis important in a cell

A

maintains homeostasis

42
Q

what will happen to a cell in an isotonic solution

A

it stays the same

43
Q

isotonic solution

A

the concentration of a solute is equal inside and outside of the cell

44
Q

hypertonic solution

A

concentration of the solute is higher in the solution than in the cell

45
Q

what happens to the cell in a hypertonic solution

A

the cell shrinks

46
Q

what is plasmolysis

A

the shrinking of the cytoplasm

47
Q

what happens to an animal cell during plasmolysis

A

the whole cell shrinks

48
Q

what happens to a plant cell during plasmolysis

A

the central vacuole shrinks

49
Q

hypotonic solution

A

the concentration of the solute is lower in the solution of the cell

50
Q

what happens to the cell in a hypotonic solution

A

water rushes into the cell

51
Q

what is cytolysis

A

bursting of the cell

52
Q

does turgor pressure happen in a plant or animal cell

A

plant

53
Q

what is turgor pressure

A

the central vacuole is full and it pushes on the cell wall

54
Q

true or false: cytolysis only happens in animal cells

A

true

55
Q

which way do particles move during active transport

A

low to high concentartion

56
Q

does active transport require ATP

A

yes

57
Q

what are the 2 ways to transport using active transport

A

molecular and bulk

58
Q

what is a protein pump

A

pumps small molecules and ions against the concentartion gradient

59
Q

example of a protein pump

A

Na+/K+ pumps

60
Q

since the concentration of sodium is higher on the outside of the cell, will it move into or out of the cell?

A

out of the cell

61
Q

since the concentration of potassium is higher on the inside of the cell, will it move into or out of the cell?

A

into

62
Q

for every three sodium pumped, how many potassium are pumped

A

2

63
Q

what is the engulfment of large particles and bringing them into the cell known as

A

endocytosis

64
Q

what are the 2 types of endocytosis

A

pinocytosis and phagocytosis

65
Q

what is the engulfing of liquids from the outside of the cell known as

A

pinocytosis

66
Q

example of pinocytosis

A

microvilli in the small intesine

67
Q

what is the engulfing of large particles or foreign material known as

A

phagocytosis

68
Q

what is the release of large particles or liquids outside of the cell known as

A

exocytosis

69
Q

ex of exocytosis

A

releasing hormones or nerve impulses

Bio ch. 1 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions