ATP

Question 1

Energy Currency

Answer 1

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the energy currency of all living cells

Energy is carried in the bonds between the phosphates

Question 2

chemical strucuture of ATP

Answer 2

phosphate groups, ribose, adenine

Question 3

Release of Energy

Answer 3

When ATP is hydrolyzed, the terminal phosphate is removed

The energy stored between the bonds is released

Products become: inorganic phosphate (Pi) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)

This is an exergonic reaction

Question 4

Phosphorylation

Answer 4

The Pi binds to other molecules – this is known as phosphorylation

Substrate-level Phosphorylation – Pi directly added

Oxidative Phosphorylation – Pi indirectly added. Relies on the presence of oxygen

Photophosphorylation - Pi indirectly added. Relies on the presence of photons of light at specific wavelengths.

Question 5

Replenishing Energy

Answer 5

When ATP is synthesized, a phosphate group is attached to the end

Energy is stored in the bonds

ATP synthesis: ADP + Pi 🡪 ATP

This is an endergonic reaction

Importance of eating food

Question 6

producing energy

Answer 6

Cells will undergo cellular respiration to produce ATP

Digested molecules from food will help replenish ATP