Atopic, Allergic, and Irritant Contact Dermatitis

Question 1

Who gets atopic dermatitis?

Answer 1

20% of children, most develops before age of 5 and typically clears by adolescence

Question 2

What are the primary symptoms of atopic dermatitis?

Answer 2

itchy rash, chronic with cycles that can exacerbate

Question 3

What do the lesions look like?

Answer 3

Typically begin as erythematous papules, then coalesce, then form erythematous plaques which may weep, crust, scale

Question 4

Where do the lesions usually locate?

Answer 4

They vary by age:

infants and toddlers get them on cheeks, forehead, scalp, and extensor surfaces.

Older children and adolescents get lichenified, eczematous plaques in flexural areas of neck, elbows, wrists, and ankles

Adults similar as adolescents but also with forehead and eyes

Xerosis is common in all stages .

Question 5

What is the atopic triad?

Answer 5

50% to 80% of children with atopic dermatitis will also present with asthma and allergic rhinitis.

Question 6

What is the definition of eczema and what are the characteristics?

Answer 6

nonspecific term referring to group of inflammatory skin condition;

pruitis, erythema, scale;

Question 7

Treatment for atopic dermatitis include 4 major components:

Answer 7

1. anti-inflammatory with hydrocortisone (e.g.)
2. anti-pruitic
3. antibacterial
4. moisturizer

Question 8

Skin ___ should be considered during acute weepy flares of AD when pustules, erosions, or extensive yellow crusts are present. Most are susceptible to secondary __ due to __ or ___

Answer 8

1. bacterial cultures
2. infections
3. Staph Aureus
4. GAS

Question 9

pityriasis alba is a mild often asymptomatic form of 2 of the 3. Its presented as 4 and 5 on the cheeks typically found in 6, often in 7 when normal skin begins to 8.

Answer 9

2. Atopic Dermatitis
3. poorly marginated
4. hypopigmented
5. slightly scaly patches
6. young children
7. spring or summer
8. tan

Question 10

Treatment for pityriasis alba is ___

Answer 10

Sunscreen use and low strength topical calcineurin inhibitor

Question 11

Dermatitis or eczema is a pattern of 1 presenting with 2, 3, and 4 in acute phase while characterized by 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 in chronic phase.

Answer 11

1. cutaneous inflammation
2. erythema
3. vesiculation
4. pruritus
5. dryness
6. scaling
7. lichenification
8. fissuring
9. pruritus

Question 12

Two types of contact dermatitis are __ and __

Answer 12

irritant contact dermatitis

allergic contact dermatitis

Question 13

Allergic contact dermatitis elicits a __ hypersensitive reaction requiring __ days, but upon re-exposure it appears within __ hours. The most common type is from __.

Answer 13

1. delayed
2. 10-14 days
3. 12-48 hous
4. Rhus (poison Ivy)

Question 14

Lesions of rhus allergy begins as 1 then progress to 2 and often form 3.

Answer 14

1. macules
2. papules or plaques
3. blisters over one to two days

Question 15

One problem with prescribing oral steroids is ___ if given less than __ weeks.

Answer 15

1. rebound

2. 2-3 weeks

Question 16

Regular use of potent steroids on thin skill will lead to ___

Answer 16

steroid atrophy (thinning and easy bruisin/purpura), also hypopigmentation in darker skin areas

Question 17

patch skin test is used in 1 and 2

Answer 17

chronic and unknown cause of contact dermatitis

Question 18

latex allergy may present as 1 or 2 hypersensitivity

Answer 18

1. delayed

2. immediate

Question 19

Irritant contact dermatitis can be result of exposure from a substance in most people and no prior 1 is necessary. Symptomatically, 2 and 3 are more common, compared with 4 in allergic dermatitis

Answer 19

1. exposure
2. pain
3. burning
4. pruitis

Question 20

Clinical findings of irritant contact dermatitis include 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, 5.5, which can be common when erosions and fissures are present. Severe cases present with 6, 7, 8.

Answer 20

1. erythema
2. chapped skin
3. dryness
4. fissuring after repeated exposures
5. pruitis
6. 5. pain
7. edema
8. exudate
9. tenderness