Atoms and periodic table Flashcards
Name the three models of the history of the atom
Dolton’s atomic model (Democritus), Thomson’s plum pudding model and Rutherford’s nuclear model
What was Dolton’s atomic model
The idea of indivisible particles called the atom
What was Thomson’s plum pudding model
The idea of negative charge embedded in a big positive charge
What was Rutherford’s nuclear model
Atoms have a central positive nucleus
What is an element
A substance that is only made up of one type of atom
What is the smallest part of an element
An atom
What subatomic particles is an atom made of
A proton, an electron and a neutron
What is a nucleus
The centre of an atom that contains protons and neutrons
Describe the structure of an atom
In the centre of an atom there is a nucleus that is made up of protons and neutrons
Electrons are arranged in shells around the nucleus
Shells fill from the inside out
What is the maximum number of electrons in the first shell
2
What is the maximum number of electrons in the second shell
8
What is the maximum number of electrons in the third shell
8
What is the atomic number of an atom
The number of protons = the number if electrons
What is the mass number of an atom
The number of protons + the number of neutrons
What number is at the top of an atom in the periodic table
The mass number
What number is at the bottom of an atom in the periodic table
The atomic number
What is the periodic table
It organises all known elements
How are elements ordered in the periodic table
Its ordered by the atomic number
How is the atomic periodic table structured
By groups and periods ( groups are columns and periods are rows)
Why are elements in the same group
They react in a similar way
They have similar chemical properties
Where are metals on the periodic table
On the left and in the middle
Where are non metals on the periodic table
On the right ( except for hydrogen which is on the top left)
List properties of metals
They are a good conductor of electricity
Hard
Shiny
Its a good thermal conductor
High density
Ringing sound when struck (sonorous)
List properties of non metals
They are a bad conductor of electricity
Soft
Dull
Its a bad thermal conductor
Low density
