Atoms

Question 1

What experiment did Geiger and Marsden carry out due to Rutherfords suggestions?

Answer 1

The gold foil experiment. Most of the alpha particles passed straight through the metal foil. The number of alpha particles deflected per minute decreased as the angle of deflection increased. About 1 in 10000 alpha particles were deflected more than 90 degrees.
From this they discovered that there is a positively charged nucleus at the centre of every atom.

Question 2

Describe the plum pudding model.

Answer 2

Some scientists believed that the atom was like a plum pudding with a positively charged matter evenly spread about and electrons buried inside. However, due to Rutherford’s discovery this design was no longer accepted by scientists.

Question 3

Describe Bohr’s model of the atom?

Answer 3

Scientists knew that atoms had a positively charged nucleus that negatively charged electrons move around. Bohr suggested that the nucleus is orbited by electrons at specific distances and energy levels. His model showed that he electrons in an orbit can move away from the nucleus or by emitting electromagnetic radiation to move closer to the nucleus.

Question 4

What did more alpha particle scattering experiment show?

Answer 4

The hydrogen nucleus has the least amount of charge.
The charge of any nucleus is shared equally between a whole number of smaller particles, each with the same amount of positive charge.